| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥260,000 (Direct Cost: ¥200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥60,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This study examined children's understanding of vague and metalinguistic expressions, especially in regard to their determination of the degree of reliability in short sentences (including vague expressions) by two speakers describing the taste of a real but unknown fruit. The subjects were asked to rate the degree of reliability by three different approaches: the point estimation method, the interval estimation method, and multiple scale tests. The results show that elementary school students only grasped the differences between the vague expressions and the middle school and high school students realized the differences between the metalinguistic expressions, but were unable to use them effectively. In addition, the university students selected the degree of reliability based on the vague and metalinguistic expressions. The implication of this study is that students should be aware of various vague expressions in language learning.
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