| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,146,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,420,000、Indirect Cost: ¥726,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,508,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,160,000、Indirect Cost: ¥348,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,638,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,260,000、Indirect Cost: ¥378,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Insects recognize bacterial infection by Imd pathway against gram-negative bacteria and Toll pathway against gram-positive bacteria and fungi, respectively. However, in 2010, the International Aphid Genomic Consortium reported that pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum) lacks Imd pathway-related genes largely.
In this study, actually, pea aphid lacking the Imd pathway-related genes showed fragile immune response against gram-negative bacterial infection. This result supported that the Toll pathway, recognition pathway for gram-positive bacterial infection, is a sole immune pathway in pea aphid and may be an effective target for insecticide to suppress pea aphid immune system. Insect Toll pathway is known to be activated by mediator protein named spaetzle, therefore the spaetzle is a good target molecule for inhibition of Toll pathway signaling. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that 3 spaetzle-like genes(Spz 1-3, Spz 1-4, Spz 1-5) may be associated with Toll pathway activation in pea aphid. From these results, the inhibition of spaetzle-like genes is expected to be an effective pest control strategy for pea aphid in the future.
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