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Molecular Abnormalities Caused by Mutations in Epigenetic Regulators of Leukemia

Research Project

Project/Area Number 22K16320
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 54010:Hematology and medical oncology-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Ochi Yotaro  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教 (40883707)

Project Period (FY) 2022-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Keywords急性骨髄性白血病 / エピジェネティクス / コヒーシン / 白血病
Outline of Research at the Start

急性骨髄性白血病は予後不良の造血器悪性腫瘍であり、分子病態の解明と有効な新規治療開発が急務である。白血病には、スプライシング因子やコヒーシンなどエピジェネティクス制御因子の遺伝子変異がしばしば認められるが、その意義については十分に明らかになっていない。本研究では、ゲノム編集とマルチオミクス解析を駆使し、エピジェネティクス制御因子の変異が引き起こす分子異常を詳細に解明することを目指す。CRISPR-Cas9システムを用いて白血病遺伝子変異モデルを樹立するほか、RNAシーケンスやChIPシーケンスなどのオミクス解析を統合的に実施することで、遺伝子変異がもたらす分子異常の深層ルールを紐解く。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a refractory hematopoietic neoplasm, and although highly invasive chemotherapy is often used as standard treatment, the development of more tumor-specific stratified therapy is desirable.
In this study, we investigated the potential efficacy of molecularly targeted drugs targeting the transcription system against mutations in epigenetic regulators of AML, particularly cohesin complex components. We established and cultured leukemia cell lines in which cohesin and coexisting mutations were introduced by genome editing, and showed the efficacy of the drugs including the CDK inhibitor. The drug also showed mutation-specific efficacy in a mouse model of leukemia. These findings pave a way toward the development of stratified therapies targeting mutation-specific transcriptional abnormalities.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

白血病は患者間で極めて異なる臨床的・遺伝学的特徴を有するが、大部分の症例では画一的な化学療法や造血幹細胞移植が行われている。本研究ではエピジェネティクス制御因子の変異をもつ白血病細胞で特に転写異常が強く生じ得る点に注目し、変異陽性白血病が転写を阻害する薬剤に脆弱性を示すという仮説について検証を行った。遺伝子変異を導入した白血病細胞株を樹立し、培養実験およびマウスモデルにて転写を阻害するCDK阻害剤の薬効を測定したところ、変異陽性細胞は高い感受性を示した。以上より、白血病に高頻度に認められるエピジェネティクス遺伝子変異を標的とする層別化治療の開発が期待できるものと考えられた。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All 2024 2023 2022

All Journal Article (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Landscape of driver mutations and their clinical effects on Down syndrome-related myeloid neoplasms2024

    • Author(s)
      Sato Tomohiko、Yoshida Kenichi、...、Matsuo Hidemasa、...、Ito Etsuro
    • Journal Title

      Blood

      Volume: - Issue: 25 Pages: 2627-2643

    • DOI

      10.1182/blood.2023022247

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Canonical BAF complex regulates the oncogenic program in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia2024

    • Author(s)
      Aoki Kazunari、Hyuga Mizuki、Tarumoto Yusuke、Nishibuchi Gohei、Ueda Atsushi、Ochi Yotaro、Sugino Seiichi、Mikami Takashi、Kobushi Hirokazu、Kato Itaru、Akahane Koshi、Inukai Takeshi、Takaori-Kondo Akifumi、Takita Junko、Ogawa Seishi、Yusa Kosuke
    • Journal Title

      Blood

      Volume: 143 Issue: 7 Pages: 604-618

    • DOI

      10.1182/blood.2023020857

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Clinical significance of clonal evolution in chronic myeloid leukemia2023

    • Author(s)
      越智 陽太郎
    • Journal Title

      Rinsho Ketsueki

      Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Pages: 369-375

    • DOI

      10.11406/rinketsu.64.369

    • ISSN
      0485-1439, 1882-0824
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Germ line <i>DDX41</i> mutations define a unique subtype of myeloid neoplasms2023

    • Author(s)
      Makishima H, Saiki R, Nannya Y, (17人省略), Kon A, (28人省略), Maciejewski JP, Ogawa S.
    • Journal Title

      Blood

      Volume: 141 Issue: 5 Pages: 534-549

    • DOI

      10.1182/blood.2022018221

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Genetic landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia2022

    • Author(s)
      Ochi Yotaro
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Hematology

      Volume: 117 Issue: 1 Pages: 30-36

    • DOI

      10.1007/s12185-022-03510-w

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Amplified <i>EPOR</i>/<i>JAK2</i> Genes Define a Unique Subtype of Acute Erythroid Leukemia2022

    • Author(s)
      Takeda J, Kenichi Y, (9人省略), Kon A (12/41番目), (途中省略), Makishima H, Ogawa S
    • Journal Title

      Blood Cancer Discovery

      Volume: 3 Issue: 5 Pages: 410-427

    • DOI

      10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0192

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] コヒーシン遺伝子変異による白血病発症の分子機構2023

    • Author(s)
      越智陽太郎
    • Organizer
      第二回日本医学会連合Rising Starリトリート
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Molecular mechanism of leukemogenesis caused by cohesin mutations2022

    • Author(s)
      Yotaro Ochi, Hiroshi I Suzuki, Seishi Ogawa
    • Organizer
      The 81st Annual Meeting of JCA
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] コヒーシン遺伝子変異によるMDS発症機構2022

    • Author(s)
      越智陽太郎
    • Organizer
      Advanced Hematology Seminar 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Clonal evolution and clinical implications of genetic abnormalities in blastic transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia2022

    • Author(s)
      Yotaro Ochi
    • Organizer
      Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group 35th Anniversary International Symposium
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

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Published: 2022-04-19   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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