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CNS Protective Effects of Periodontal Ligament-derived Wnt Family for the Prevention of Dental Dementia

Research Project

Project/Area Number 22K17282
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 57080:Social dentistry-related
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Takahashi Kaori  東北大学, 歯学研究科, 助教 (50888089)

Project Period (FY) 2022-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Keywords歯根膜 / 三叉神経 / 三叉神経中脳路核 / Wnt family / 三叉神経節 / Wnt5a / 機械刺激 / 認知症
Outline of Research at the Start

口腔機能の低下と認知症の発症および認知機能の低下との関連性を示す多くのコホート研究があるが、口腔機能の低下と認知症を結びつける分子生理学的メカニズムは明らかになっていない。認知症の主要原因であるアルツハイマー病では、早期に青斑核で神経細胞死が起こる。近年、抜歯によって青斑核ニューロンが減少すると報告された。申請者は機械刺激を受けた歯根膜から産生されたWnt5aをはじめとする液性因子が神経細胞の分化・維持に作用する事を突き止めており、同様に青斑核細胞の生存・維持を調節している可能性が高いと考えた。そこで本研究では、機械刺激を受けた歯根膜細胞由来液性因子による中枢神経の保護作用を検討する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Although many reports suggest a link between poor oral function and cognitive decline, the molecular physiological mechanism of this link is still unclear. In this study, we identified the pathway of Wnt5a production by mechanical mechanical stimulated periodontal ligament cells mimicking physiological mastication and investigated the physiological function of Wnt5a on nerves. The results showed that (1) Wnt5a is produced and secreted by the MEK1/2 and PI3K signaling pathways in the periodontal ligament upon mechanical stimulation, (2) the length, number of branches, and number of projections of axonal processes of trigeminal ganglion cells increase, and (3) Wnt5a functions in the survival and maintenance of the trigeminal ganglion midbrain tract nucleus cells. This study reveals one aspect of the mechanism by which oral tissue-derived factors directly modulate neuronal survival, maintenance, and differentiation.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

口腔機能の低下と認知機能の低下との関連性を示す研究は多く存在するが、口腔組織が直接神経細胞を調節する機序は不明であった。本研究により、生理的な咀嚼運動を模倣した機械刺激を負荷された歯根膜細胞から産生される液性因子が神経細胞の分化・生存・維持を調節する機能がある事が明らかになった。本研究で得られた成果は、歯科的認知症予防法の開発基盤に繋がることが期待される。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2023 2022

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Periodontal ligaments enhance neurite outgrowth in trigeminal ganglion neurons through Wnt5a production induced by mechanical stimulation2022

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi Kaori、Yoshida Takashi、Wakamori Minoru
    • Journal Title

      American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

      Volume: 323 Issue: 6 Pages: C1704-C1719

    • DOI

      10.1152/ajpcell.00302.2022

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of neurite outgrowth of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus neurons by Wnt5a, released from mechanically stimulated rat periodontal ligament cells2023

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi K., Yoshida T., Nakamura T., Wakamori M.
    • Organizer
      neuroscience 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 歯根膜への正常な機械刺激による神経突起伸長作用から考える異常な機械刺激によるストレスが与える神経への影響2023

    • Author(s)
      高橋 かおり
    • Organizer
      認知症と口腔機能研究会 第4回学術集会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 三叉神経中脳路核細胞における機械刺激負荷歯根膜細胞由来Wnt5aの役割2023

    • Author(s)
      高橋 かおり、吉田 卓史、中村 卓史、若森 実
    • Organizer
      第65回歯科基礎医学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Role of Wnt5a, released from the mechanically stimulated periodontal ligament cells, in trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Me5)2023

    • Author(s)
      Kaori Takahashi
    • Organizer
      Joint Symposium with UQ
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Wnt5a, produced by physiological mechanical stimulation on the periodontal ligament, regulates neuronal differentiation in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus2023

    • Author(s)
      Kaori Takahashi, Takashi Yoshida, Takashi Nakamura and Minoru Wakamori
    • Organizer
      第97回日本薬理学会年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Wnt5a, produced by mechanically stimulated periodontal ligament cells, modulates differentiation of trigeminal ganglion cells2022

    • Author(s)
      Kaori Takahashi, Takashi Yoshida, Takashi Nakamura, Minoru Wakamori
    • Organizer
      第96回日本薬理学会年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 機械刺激を受けた歯根膜細胞から産生されるWnt5aによる三叉神経節細胞の分 化作用の解明2022

    • Author(s)
      高橋 かおり、吉田 卓史、中村 卓史、若森 実
    • Organizer
      第73回日本薬理学会北部会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2022-04-19   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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