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Development of a paleodietary reconstruciton method for crocodilians through feeding experiments and its application to extinct crocodillians

Research Project

Project/Area Number 22K19339
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 45:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Research InstitutionOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University

Principal Investigator

Kubo Tai  沖縄科学技術大学院大学, 大進化ユニット, スタッフサイエンティスト (40719473)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 平山 廉  早稲田大学, 国際学術院, 教授 (00238396)
久保 麦野  東京大学, 大学院新領域創成科学研究科, 准教授 (10582760)
飯島 正也  名古屋大学, 博物館, 学振特別研究員(CPD) (40867892)
Project Period (FY) 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,470,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Keywordsマイクロウェア / ワニ / 食性 / 白亜紀 / 歯 / 餌 / 草食恐竜 / 古生態復元 / 獣脚類 / 給餌実験 / 久慈層群 / 食性復元
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は現生ワニの給餌実験を通じて、摂食時に歯に残される微細な傷(マイクロウェア)の三次元情報と食物の物性の関連付けを目指す。このような爬虫類の給餌実験は世界初の試みであり、ワニの取り扱いには大きな危険が伴うが、脊椎動物の骨の破砕によるマイクロウェアへの影響を知るには大型の捕食者を用いた実験は欠かせない。
明らかになった餌と三次元マイクロウェアの関係から絶滅種の食性復元を行う。岩手県久慈市の後期白亜紀のワニ歯化石や同時代のスペインの同所的に産出する複数種のワニ、魚食が推定されるガビアル科や海ワニ、現在のワニとは全く生態の異なる絶滅した陸生ワニ等で食性復元の研究を進めたい。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This budget was used for the research plan with two aims: (1) to elucidate the relationship between the physical properties of the given food and the dental microwear left on the teeth through feeding experiments of Alligator, and (2) utilize this relationship to determine the diet of extinct crocodiles from their fossilized teeth. Regarding objectives (1), the analysis of the isolated teeth of crocodiles that were fed pellets, sardines, quail, rats, and crayfish revealed that harder foods like crayfish left deeper and more denser dental microwear, while softer foods like sardines were less likely to form microwear. For objective (2), the analysis of crocodilian tooth fossils from the Late Cretaceous period, found in Kuji City, Iwate Prefecture, suggested that these crocodiles were not obligate piscivore but also fed on terrestrial tetrapods.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

歯に残された微細な傷(マイクロウェア)の三次元形状から食性を復元する研究は近年盛んになってきているが、給餌実験により実証的には傷の形状と食性の関係を明らかにする研究は、まだ少ない。本研究はそのような研究として、肉食動物あるいは爬虫類を題材とした世界でも初めての例である。
さらに本研究の成果を岩手県久慈市から産する後期白亜紀のワニに適用する事で、当時の日本の生態系や古環境の復元をおこない、日本におけるワニ相の移り変わりについても明らかにすることができた。最新の手法を日本産の化石に適用し国際的に発信していくことで、同時に地元の方々にも地元の化石の重要性を理解していただけると考えている。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (17 results)

All 2023 2022 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (5 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results) Remarks (3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Lincoln(英国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Kiel University(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] IVPP/Zhejiang Museum of Natural History(中国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] クレムソン大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ハンブルグ大学/マインツ大学(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Dental microwear texture analysis reveals a likely dietary shift within Late Cretaceous ornithopod dinosaurs2023

    • Author(s)
      Kubo Tai、Kubo Mugino O.、Sakamoto Manabu、Winkler Daniela E.、Shibata Masateru、Zheng Wenjie、Jin Xingsheng、You Hai‐Lu
    • Journal Title

      Palaeontology

      Volume: 66 Issue: 6

    • DOI

      10.1111/pala.12681

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Controlled feeding experiments with juvenile alligators reveal microscopic dental wear texture patterns associated with hard-object feeding2022

    • Author(s)
      Winkler Daniela E.、Iijima Masaya、Blob Richard W.、Kubo Tai、Kubo Mugino O.
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

      Volume: 10 Pages: 957725-957725

    • DOI

      10.3389/fevo.2022.957725

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology2022

    • Author(s)
      Winkler Daniela E.、Kubo Tai、Kubo Mugino O.、Kaiser Thomas M.、T?tken Thomas
    • Journal Title

      Palaeontology

      Volume: 65 Issue: 6

    • DOI

      10.1111/pala.12632

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Temporal dietary shift toward more abrasive food among Cretaceous ornithopod Dinosaurs2023

    • Author(s)
      13.Tai Kubo, Mugino O. Kubo, Manabu Sakamoto, Daniela E. Winkler, Masateru Shibata, Wenjie Zheng, Xingsheng Jin, Hai-Lu You
    • Organizer
      International Congress for Vertebrate Morphology 13
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] In-vitro experiment using alligator teeth to test the relationship between diets, frequency of food contact, and dental microwear texture2023

    • Author(s)
      Kodai Usami, Daniela E. Winkler, Tai Kubo, Mugino O. Kubo
    • Organizer
      International Congress for Vertebrate Morphology 13
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Dental microwear texture analysis of Omeisaurus and other sauropods reveals variation in dinosaur feeding modes2023

    • Author(s)
      16.Tai KUBO, Homare SAKAKI, Ren HIRAYAMA, Wenjie ZHENG, Xingsheng JIN, Mugino O. KUBO and Lauren SALLAN
    • Organizer
      2nd Asian Palaeontological Congress
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Dental microwear in a Devonian tetrapodomorph fish, Eusthenopteron.2023

    • Author(s)
      Tai Kubo, Mugino O. Kubo, and Lauren Sallan
    • Organizer
      日本進化学会 第25回沖縄大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Non-occlusal dental microwear texture analysis of a somphospondyli titanosauriform sauropod dinosaur from the Tamagawa Formation, northern Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      12.Kubo, T., Sakaki, H., Hirayama, R., Winkler, D. E., Uno, H., Miyata, S., Endo, H., Sasaki, K., Takizawa, T., Kubo, M. O.
    • Organizer
      18th International Symposium on Dental Morphology & 3rd Congress of the International Association of Paleodontology
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 久慈層群玉川層(後期白亜紀)産竜脚類歯化石の三次元マイクロウェア解析2022

    • Author(s)
      23.榊 帆希・ダニエラ E. ウィンクラー・久保 泰・平山 廉・鵜野光・宮田真也・遠藤秀紀・佐々木和久・滝沢利男・久保麦野
    • Organizer
      日本古生物学会2022年年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 白亜紀の草食恐竜はどんな植物を食べていたのか?―歯の微細な傷が解き明かす食性の時代変化―

    • URL

      https://www.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/information/category/press/10643.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 歯の微細な傷から肉食恐竜の食性を解明 ―三次元マイクロウェア分析で恐竜の生態に迫る

    • URL

      https://www.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/information/category/press/9921.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 歯の表面に残されたミクロの傷から餌の性質が明らかに ーワニの給餌実験で探る傷と餌の関係 ー

    • URL

      https://www.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/information/category/press/9830.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report

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Published: 2022-07-05   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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