| Project/Area Number |
22KJ3236
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| Project/Area Number (Other) |
20J00660 (2020-2022)
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund (2023)
Single-year Grants (2020-2022) |
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| Section | 国内 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39050:Insect science-related
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| Research Institution | Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University |
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Principal Investigator |
水元 惟暁 沖縄科学技術大学院大学, 沖縄科学技術大学院大学、進化ゲノミクスユニット, 研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
2023-03-08 – 2025-03-31
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| Project Status |
Granted (Fiscal Year 2023)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥11,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
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| Keywords | Termite / Tandem run / Same sex sexual behavior / Mating / Python / Comparative analysis / Movement tracking / Evolution / Collective behavior / Nest construction / Rove beetles / Social insects / シロアリ / 集団行動 / 進化 / 巣建設 / 系統種間比較 / 好白蟻性昆虫 / 感染症モデル / 社会寄生 |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
複雑な形質の進化プロセスの解明は、進化生物学における難題の1つである。本研究は、複雑なパターンを作り出す集団行動である、シロアリの構造物建設の進化プロセスを明らかにすることを目的とする。
具体的には、シロアリの蟻道建設に着目し、世界各地から全ての科を含む下等シロアリを採集し、建設行動の観察から行動レパートリーを比較する。そして、野外条件では顕著な建設行動を示さない種を操作し、構造物を実験的に建設させ、構造の完成度を評価することで、建設行動の完成度に関わる行動要因を推定する。以上について、最新の分子系統樹と照らし合わせ、建設行動の進化プロセスを再構築する。
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
This research project aims to infer the evolutionary process of collective building in termites through a comparative analysis of nest construction across various species worldwide. However, I could not manage international travel for termite sampling in Australia. Thus, I focused on (i) compiling data from the literature to build a comprehensive dataset for termite phylogenetic comparative analysis and relate it to building behavior and (ii) behavioral observations of termite species within Japan. This year’s outcome is summarized as follows.
First, by adding more termite species this year, I finished collecting data on the tunneling behavior of 13 Japanese termite species. For data analysis, I developed a Python-based software named TManual (github.com/nobuaki-mzmt/tmanual), which assists in manually measuring the length development of animal structures.
Second, I compiled all available information about termite mating behavior from 69 species, which adds to the comparative datasets generated in the 1st-2nd years’ research (Mizumoto and Bourguignon, 2021, Proceedings B; Mizumoto et al., 2022, Evolution), which result in a paper on the evolution of same-sex sexual behavior in termites (Mizumoto et al., 2022, PNAS). Third, we obtained more datasets on termite movement patterns on the petri-dish to examine how evolution of nesting biology can result in the differentiated movement capacity of termites. The results have been presented at 5 different conferences.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.
Reason
This project develops software to quantify the length-development of animal architecture. The paper on the development of this software is under review and will be published soon (and other collaborators use the software for a variety of projects). With the help of TManual, comparative behavioral datasets should be published near future with some more additional inputs.
The literature survey performed in this project produced a paper in PNAS, which is one of the world’s most-cited and comprehensive multidisciplinary scientific journals; thus, this outcome is significant. This project also contributed to producing three more papers this year.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
I will visit Australia to obtain data from Mastotermes, Porotermes, Stolotermes, and Schedorhinotermes termites. The information will be compared with the termite species in Japan.
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