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Molecular bases of the differences in the physiology and cell biology between rods and cones

Research Project

Project/Area Number 23227002
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Animal physiology/Animal behavior
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

KAWAMURA Satoru  大阪大学, 生命機能研究科, 招へい教授 (80138122)

Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) WADA Akimori  神戸薬科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (80158683)
TACHIBANAKI Shuji  大阪大学, 大学院生命機能研究科, 准教授 (70324746)
WADA Yasutaka  大阪大学, 大学院生命機能研究科, 助教 (90376559)
Project Period (FY) 2011-04-01 – 2016-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
Budget Amount *help
¥87,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥67,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥20,280,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥13,390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,090,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥13,130,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,030,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥30,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥23,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥7,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥30,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥23,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥7,140,000)
Keywords桿体 / 錐体 / 光感度 / 時間分解能 / 暗所視 / 明所視 / 光-電位変換機構 / 細胞内情報伝達 / 視物質 / アレスチン / 脱リン酸化 / レチノール / ミトコンドリア / 外節 / 桿体視細胞 / 錐体視細胞 / レチノイド / トランスデューシン
Outline of Final Research Achievements

There are two types of photoreceptors to detect light in our retina, a rod with high light-sensitivity to function in the dark and a cone with low sensitivity to function in the light. Time resolution of detecting light, an ability to detect on-and-off of a light, is lower in rods and higher in cones, and it is the reason why we can see an object moving quickly in the light where cones are operating but not in the dark where rods are operating. In the present study, we quantitatively compared each of the reactions in the phototransduction cascade biochemically between purified carp rods and cones, and found the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in the light-sensitivity and time resolution between rods and cones. In addition, we examined functions of molecules that we had shown to be expressed specifically in cones.

Assessment Rating
Verification Result (Rating)

A-

Assessment Rating
Result (Rating)

A: Progress in the research is steadily towards the initial goal. Expected research results are expected.

Report

(8 results)
  • 2016 Research Progress Assessment (Verification Result) ( PDF )
  • 2015 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2014 Annual Research Report
  • 2013 Annual Research Report   Abstract(Research Progress Assessment) ( PDF )   Research Progress Assessment (Result) ( PDF )
  • 2012 Annual Research Report
  • 2011 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (54 results)

All 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 Other

All Journal Article (13 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 13 results,  Open Access: 2 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 8 results) Presentation (37 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (2 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] ES1 is a mitochondrial enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in zebrafish cones.2016

    • Author(s)
      Masuda, T, Wada, Y. and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 6 Issue: 1

    • DOI

      10.1038/srep22360

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] 桿体視物質・錐体視物質 - - 桿体視と錐体視の機能的差異をもたらすGPCR2016

    • Author(s)
      河村 悟、橘木修志
    • Journal Title

      医学のあゆみ

      Volume: 256 Pages: 461-468

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Dephosphorylation during bleach and regeneration of visual pigment in carp rod and cone membranes.2015

    • Author(s)
      Yamaoka, H., Tachibanaki, S., and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 290 Issue: 40 Pages: 24381-24390

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m115.674101

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Characterization and Identification of the Enzyme Catalyzing the AL-OL Coupling Reaction, an 11-<i>cis</i> Retinal Producing Reaction in Cones2015

    • Author(s)
      佐藤慎哉、河村 悟
    • Journal Title

      Seibutsu Butsuri

      Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Pages: 200-202

    • DOI

      10.2142/biophys.55.200

    • NAID

      130005090040

    • ISSN
      0582-4052, 1347-4219
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] RDH13L, and Enzyme Responsible for the Aldehyde-Alcohol Redox Coupling Reaction (AL-OL Coupling Reaction) to Supply 11-cis Retinal in the Carp Cone Retinoid Cycle.2015

    • Author(s)
      Sato, S., Miyazono, S., Tachibanaki, S., and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 290(15) Issue: 15 Pages: 9399-9411

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m114.634543

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Phosphorylation-independent Suppression of Light-activated Visual Pigment by Arrestin in Carp Rods and Cones2015

    • Author(s)
      Tomizuka, J., Tachibanaki, S., and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 290(5) Issue: 5 Pages: 2983-2992

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m114.629162

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Difference in the gain in the phototransduction cascade between rods and cones in carp.2014

    • Author(s)
      Kawakami, N. and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience

      Volume: 34 Issue: 44 Pages: 14682-14686

    • DOI

      10.1523/jneurosci.3389-14.2014

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Quantitative aspects of cGMP phosphodiesterase activation in carp rods and cones2014

    • Author(s)
      Koshitani, Y., Tachibanaki, S. and
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 289 Issue: 5 Pages: 2651-2657

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m113.495325

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Substrate Specificity and Subcellular Localization of the Aldehyde-Alcohol Redox-coupling Reaction in Carp Cones2013

    • Author(s)
      Sato, S. Fukagawa, T., Tachibanaki, S., Yamano, Y., Wada, A., and Kawamura
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 288 Issue: 51 Pages: 36589-36597

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m113.521153

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Different phosphorylation rates among vertebrate cone visual pigments with different spectral sensitivities2013

    • Author(s)
      Tsutsui, K., Tachibanaki, S., Shimauchi-Matsukawa, Y., Shichida, Y., and Kawamura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

      Volume: 440 Issue: 4 Pages: 630-634

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.118

    • NAID

      120005353493

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Low activation and fast inactivation of transducin in carp cones.2012

    • Author(s)
      Shuji Tachibanaki
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 287 Issue: 49 Pages: 41186-41194

    • DOI

      10.1074/jbc.m112.403717

    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Explaining the functional differences of rods versus cones2012

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Journal Title

      Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews : Membrane Transport and Signaling

      Volume: 1 Issue: 5 Pages: 675-683

    • DOI

      10.1002/wmts.8

    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report 2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] (*equal contribution; #corresponding authors) Ectopic expression of the cone-specific Gprotein-coupled receptor kinase GRK7 in zebrafish rods leads to decreased photosensitivity and compromised visual performance2011

    • Author(s)
      Vogalis,F., Shiraki,T., Kojima,D., Fukada,Y. & Lamb,T.
    • Journal Title

      J. Physiol. (London)

      Volume: 589 Issue: 9 Pages: 2321-2348

    • DOI

      10.1113/jphysiol.2010.204156

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Molecular Mechanisms underlying the Differences of Our Vision in the light and in the dark2015

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      The 7th Asia & Oceania Conference on Photobiology 2015
    • Place of Presentation
      Taipei (Taiwan)
    • Year and Date
      2015-11-16
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 桿体・錐体視細胞外節に発現している蛋白質の比較解析の試み2015

    • Author(s)
      深川 貴志、橘木 修志、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      第86回日本動物学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      新潟コンベンションセンター (新潟市)
    • Year and Date
      2015-09-19
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 表面プラズモン共鳴法によるコイcGMP ホスホジエステラーゼ活性化反応の解析2015

    • Author(s)
      淺野 禎三、橘木 修志、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      第86回日本動物学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      新潟コンベンションセンター (新潟市)
    • Year and Date
      2015-09-19
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Does MetaII correspond to R*, the bleaching intermediate activating trnasducin?2015

    • Author(s)
      Shuji Tachibanaki, Ryota Kumakura, Hwei-Ee Tang, Yoichiro Fukunaga, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      第53回日本生物物理学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      金沢大学角間キャンパス (金沢市)
    • Year and Date
      2015-09-15
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Rods and cones; Molecular bases of their functional differences.2015

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      International Symposium in Osaka: Sensory Transduction
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪大学豊中キャンパス基礎工学研究科シグマホール (豊中市)
    • Year and Date
      2015-03-20
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Molecular bases of the functional difference between rods and cones.2015

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      The Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 20th Anniversary Symposium: Vision and Mind
    • Place of Presentation
      立命館大学草津キャンパス、ロームプラザ (滋賀県・草津市)
    • Year and Date
      2015-03-16
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] AL-OL coupling reaction, a possible mechanism of visual pigment regeneration in carp cones.2014

    • Author(s)
      Shinya Sato, Sadaharu Miyazono, Shuji Tachibanaki, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      16th International Conference on Retinal Proteins
    • Place of Presentation
      長浜ロイヤルホテル (滋賀県・長浜市)
    • Year and Date
      2014-10-09
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Different efficiencies of enzymatic reactions in the phototransduction cascade between carp rods and cones.2014

    • Author(s)
      Shuji Tachibanaki, Naoto Kawakami, Yuki Koshitani, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      16th International Conference on Retinal Proteins
    • Place of Presentation
      長浜ロイヤルホテル (滋賀県・長浜市)
    • Year and Date
      2014-10-07
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Functional analysis of zebrafish orthologs of mammalian NDRG1 protein in photoreceptors.(哺乳類NDRG1のゼブラフィッシュ相同蛋白質の視細胞における機能解析)2014

    • Author(s)
      Shimpei Takita, Yasutaka Wada, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第52回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      札幌コンベンションセンター
    • Year and Date
      2014-09-27
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Identical visual pigment dephosphorylation rates in various pigment states. (視物質の状態によらない視物質の脱リン酸化速度)2014

    • Author(s)
      Hiromi Yamaoka, Shuji Tachibanaki, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第52回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      札幌コンベンションセンター
    • Year and Date
      2014-09-27
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アレスチンによる視物質リン酸化非依存的な視物質活性の抑制 (Pigment phosphorylation-independent suppression of light-activated visual pigment by arrestin)2014

    • Author(s)
      富塚順子、橘木修志、松川(嶋内)淑恵、河村悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会第85回大会
    • Place of Presentation
      東北大学川内北キャンパス (仙台市)
    • Year and Date
      2014-09-13
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 桿体・錐体視細胞の外節膜に発現している蛋白質の比較2014

    • Author(s)
      深川 貴志、橘木 修志、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会近畿支部研究発表会
    • Place of Presentation
      兵庫県立大学新在家キャンパス (姫路市)
    • Year and Date
      2014-05-10
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 哺乳類NDRG1のゼブラフィッシュ相同蛋白質の視細胞における機能解析2014

    • Author(s)
      瀧田真平、和田恭高、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会近畿支部研究発表会
    • Place of Presentation
      兵庫県立大学新在家キャンパス (姫路市)
    • Year and Date
      2014-05-10
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] コイ錐体での視物質再生に関与する11-シスレチナール生成反応、AL-OL反応の解析2013

    • Author(s)
      佐藤慎哉、橘木修志、深川貴志、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      分子研研究会「ロドプシン研究の故きを温ねて新しきを知る」
    • Place of Presentation
      岡崎コンファレンスセンター(岡崎市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-18
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Functional analysis of zebrafish orthologues of mammalian NDRG1 protein in photoreceptors2013

    • Author(s)
      Shinpei Takita, Yasutaka Wada, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第51回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      国立京都国際会館(京都市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-10-30
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Quantitative aspects of cGMP phosphodiesterase activation in carp rods and cones2013

    • Author(s)
      Yuki Koshitani, Shuji Tachibanaki, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第51回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      国立京都国際会館(京都市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-10-30
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Highly effective visual pigment dephosphorylation in cones.2013

    • Author(s)
      Hiromi Yamaoka, Shuji Tachibanaki, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第51回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      国立京都国際会館(京都市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-10-30
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Substrate specificity and localization of AL-OL coupling reaction in carp cones.2013

    • Author(s)
      Sinya Sato, Shuji Tachibanaki,Takashi Fukagawa, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第51回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      国立京都国際会館(京都市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-10-29
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] AL-OL反応:錐体視細胞で起こる11-シスレチナール生成反応2013

    • Author(s)
      佐藤慎哉、橘木修志、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会第84回大会
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山大学津山キャンパス(岡山市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-09-27
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ES1によるゼブラフィッシュ錐体視細胞のエネルギー産生への寄与2013

    • Author(s)
      増田隆昌、和田恭高、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会第84回大会
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山大学津山キャンパス(岡山市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-09-27
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 桿体と錐体におけるアレスチンによる視物質不活性化の違い2013

    • Author(s)
      富塚順子、橘木修志、松川(嶋内)淑恵、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会第84回大会
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山大学津山キャンパス(岡山市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-09-26
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] コイ桿体と錐体とでのシグナル増幅度合いの違い--生化学的解析と電気生理学的解析の比較--2013

    • Author(s)
      川上直人、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      第17回視覚科学フォーラム
    • Place of Presentation
      立命館大学・草津キャンパス(草津市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-08-05
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Difference in the photon signal amplification between rods and cones in the carp retina.2013

    • Author(s)
      Yuki Koshitani, Naoto Kawakami, Shuji Tachibanaki, Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      FASEB Summer Research Conferences: The Biology and Chemistry of Vision
    • Place of Presentation
      スチームボートグランドホテル(米国コロラド州スチームボート)
    • Year and Date
      2013-06-10
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 桿体と錐体におけるアレスチンによる視物質不活性化の比較2013

    • Author(s)
      富塚順子、橘木修志、松川淑恵、河村 悟
    • Organizer
      日本動物学会近畿支部研究発表会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪市立大学梅田サテライトホール(大阪市)
    • Year and Date
      2013-05-11
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Substrate Specificity and Localization of AL-OL Coupling Reaction in2013

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura, Shinya Sato, Shuji Tachibanaki, Takashi Fukagawa
    • Organizer
      ARVO 2013 Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      コンベンションセンター(米国、ワシントン州、シアトル)
    • Year and Date
      2013-05-06
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] AL-OL反応:コイ錐体視細胞に特異的な11-シスレチナール生成反応2012

    • Author(s)
      佐藤慎哉
    • Organizer
      第16回視覚科学フォーラム研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      埼玉医科大学(埼玉県入間郡毛呂山町)
    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] コイ桿体と錐体に発現しているアレスチンの同定と比較2012

    • Author(s)
      富塚順子
    • Organizer
      第16回視覚科学フォーラム研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      埼玉医科大学(埼玉県入間郡毛呂山町)
    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ゼブラフィッシュ視細胞におけるNDRG1・NDRG1L蛋白質の機能解析2012

    • Author(s)
      瀧田真平
    • Organizer
      第16回視覚科学フォーラム研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      埼玉医科大学(埼玉県入間郡毛呂山町)
    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ゼブラフィッシュ錐体ミトコンドリアの巨大化に対するES1の寄与2012

    • Author(s)
      増田隆昌
    • Organizer
      第16回視覚科学フォーラム研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      埼玉医科大学(埼玉県入間郡毛呂山町)
    • Related Report
      2012 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] AL-OL反応:コイ錐体視細胞で起こる11-cis retinal生成反応2011

    • Author(s)
      佐藤慎哉
    • Organizer
      第82回日本動物学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      大雪クリスタルホール(旭川市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-22
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 桿体と錐体とでのトランスデューシンによるPDE活性化効率の違いとその分子メカニズム2011

    • Author(s)
      越谷祐貴
    • Organizer
      第82回日本動物学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      大雪クリスタルホール(旭川市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-21
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ES1はゼブラフィッシュの錐体視細胞においてミトコンドリアのサイズ調節に寄与する2011

    • Author(s)
      増田隆昌
    • Organizer
      第82回日本動物学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      大雪クリスタルホール(旭川市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-21
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Low Activation of Transducin in Carp Cones2011

    • Author(s)
      Shuji Tachibanaki
    • Organizer
      第49回日本生物物理学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      兵庫県立大学・姫路書写キャンパス(姫路市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-16
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 錐体・桿体でのトランスデューシン活性化・不活性化の効率2011

    • Author(s)
      橘木修志
    • Organizer
      第15回視覚科学フォーラム
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪大学基礎工学部(豊中市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-08-29
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 桿体と錐体におけるトランスデューシンによるcGMPホスホジエステラーゼ活性化効率の違いの解析2011

    • Author(s)
      越谷祐貴
    • Organizer
      第15回視覚科学フォーラム
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪大学基礎工学部(豊中市))
    • Year and Date
      2011-08-29
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Biochemical aspects of rod and cone photo transduction in carp2011

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      The 5th Asia and Oceania Conference on Photobiology
    • Place of Presentation
      奈良新公会堂(奈良市)(招待講演)
    • Year and Date
      2011-08-01
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Lower activation and faster inactivation of transducin2011

    • Author(s)
      Satoru Kawamura
    • Organizer
      FASEB Summer Research Conferences : The Biology and Chemistry of Vision
    • Place of Presentation
      Carefree, Arizona, USA(招待講演)
    • Year and Date
      2011-06-21
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 光と生命の事典2016

    • Author(s)
      河村 悟
    • Total Pages
      422
    • Publisher
      朝倉書店
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Vertebrate Photoreceptors2014

    • Author(s)
      Kawamura, S. and Tachibanaki, S.
    • Total Pages
      349
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 河村研究室ホームページ

    • URL

      http://www.bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~kawamura/index2.htm

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://www.bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~kawamura/index2.htm

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2011-06-18   Modified: 2019-07-29  

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