| Budget Amount *help |
¥48,620,000 (Direct Cost: ¥37,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,220,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥9,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,190,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥9,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,190,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥14,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,270,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥15,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,570,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Anterior-posterior (A-P) axis determination and germ-layer formation are most fundamental steps in animal development. In amniotes their mechanisms have been studied in mouse and chick. The mechanisms are so diverged between them that no consensus has been established about the prototype in amniotes and the divergences in mammal and avian. To examine the question, comparative analyses were made in eutherian (mouse, rabbit, pig, Suncus), reptile (gecko, turtle), avian (chick, quail), and metatherian (opossum). The studies have revealed unexpected phylogenetic changes in amniote A-P axis and germ layer formation.
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