| Budget Amount *help |
¥49,660,000 (Direct Cost: ¥38,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,460,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥11,960,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,760,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥11,830,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,730,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥11,310,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,610,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥14,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,360,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The sex pheromones of moths have generally been classified into two types based on the presence (type I) or absence (type II) of a terminal functional group. Type-I pheromones are derived from de novo synthesized fatty acids, whereas type-II pheromones are biosynthesized from dietary essential fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids. The use of type-II pheromones has only been observed in moth species belonging to more advanced moth groups such as Geometridae and Arctiidae. We presumed that the use of type-II pheromones has secondarily evolved from the communication systems using type-I pheromones. In the present study, we attempted to gain insights into the evolution of sex pheromone communication systems by analysing genes encoding enzymes involved in sex pheromone biosynthesis. By the analysis of moths utilizing type-I and type-II pheromones, we were able to obtain valuable information on the evolution of enzymes involved in pheromone biosynthesis such as desaturases.
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