Evaluation of quadriceps femoris including vastus intermedius during exercises

• Project/Area Number: 23300239
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Sports science
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: AKIMA Hiroshi 名古屋大学, 総合保健体育科学センター, 教授 (40292841)
• Project Period (FY): 2011-04-01 – 2015-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2014)
• Budget Amount: ¥17,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,930,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥10,920,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,520,000)
• Keywords: 大腿四頭筋 / 中間広筋 / 表面筋電図 / 膝伸展運動 / 超音波エコー / 神経筋活動 / 近赤外分光法 / 筋疲労 / 屍体 / 筋活動 / 筋機能 / 筋力発揮

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to assess functional and anatomical properties of quadriceps femoris including vastus intermedius (VI) during knee extension tasks. Neuromuscular activation pattern of VI was similar to other vasti muscles during low-intensity of sustained contraction for 1-h. On the other hand, neuromuscular activation of VI was significantly higher during flexed knee joint angles during dynamic fatiguing contractions. This unique neuromuscular activation patter was found during dynamic knee extensions at 60% or higher one-repetition maximum loads. We concluded that vastus intermedius was higher contribution during flexed knee joint angles.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Local architecture of the vastus intermedius is a better predictor of knee extension force than that of the other quadriceps femoris muscle heads (2015)
  • Author(s): R. Ando, A. Saito, Y. Umemura, H. Akima
  • Journal Title: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging Volume: 999 Issue: 5 Pages: 999-999
  • DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12173
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Coordination among thigh muscles including the vastus intermedius and adductor magnus at different cycling intensities (2015)
  • Author(s): A. Saito, K. Watanabe, H. Akima
  • Journal Title: Human Movement Science Volume: 40 Pages: 14-23
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.11.010
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Skeletal muscle size is a major predictor of intramuscular fat content regardless of age (2015)
  • Author(s): Akima, H., Yoshiko, A., Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Shimaoka, K., Koike, T., Sakakibara, H., Oshida, Y.
  • Journal Title: Eur. J Appl. Physiol. Volume: 999 Pages: 999-999
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Associations of intramyocellular lipid in vastus lateralis and biceps femoris with blood free fatty acid and muscle strength differ between young and elderly adults (2015)
  • Author(s): Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Koike, T., Saito, A., Takahashi, H., Shimaoka, K., Sakakibara, H., Oshida, Y., Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging Volume: 999 Pages: 999-999
• [Journal Article] Estimation of muscle atrophy based on muscle thickness in knee surgery patients. (2014)
  • Author(s): Hioki, M., Furukawa, T., Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging Volume: 34 Pages: 183-190
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Validity of fascicle length estimation in the vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius using ultrasonography (2014)
  • Author(s): R. Ando, K. Taniguchi, A. Saito, M. Fujimiya, M. Katayose, H. Akima
  • Journal Title: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 214-220
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.01.003
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Inverse activation between the deeper vastus intermedius and superficial muscles in the quadriceps during dynamic knee extensions (2013)
  • Author(s): Hiroshi Akima, Akira Saito
  • Journal Title: Muscle and Nerve Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Pages: 682-690
  • DOI: 10.1002/mus.23647
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Activation of quadriceps femoris including vastus intermedius during fatiguing dynamic knee extensions (2013)
  • Author(s): Hiroshi Akima, Akira Saito
  • Journal Title: European Journal of Applied Physiology Volume: 113 Issue: 11 Pages: 2829-2840
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2721-9
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Knee joint angle affects EMG-force relationship in the vastus intermedius muscle (2013)
  • Author(s): Akira Saito, Hiroshi Akima
  • Journal Title: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology Volume: 23 Issue: 6 Pages: 1406-1412
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.08.009
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 自転車による運動習慣のある中高齢者の自転車走行中の運動強度および体力・健康レベル (2013)
  • Author(s): 高石鉄雄，對馬 明，児玉 泰，西井 匠，小林培男，渡邊航平，秋間 広
  • Journal Title: 体力科学 Volume: 62 Pages: 331-341
  • NAID: 10031179346
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The highest antagonistic coactivation of the vastus intermedius muscle among quadriceps femoris muscles during isometric knee flexion. (2013)
  • Author(s): Saito, A.
  • Journal Title: J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. Volume: 23 Issue: 4 Pages: 831-837
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.02.005
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Relationships of thigh muscle contractile and non-contractile tissue with function, strength, and age in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: Neuromuscul. Disord. Volume: 22 Issue: 1 Pages: 16-25
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.06.750
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Alternate muscle activity patterns among synergists of the quadriceps femoris including the vastus intermedius during low-level sustained (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima H, Saito A, Watanabe K, Kouzaki M
  • Journal Title: Muscle & Nerve Volume: (印刷中) Issue: 1 Pages: 86-95
  • DOI: 10.1002/mus.23268
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 中高年女性における筋内脂肪指標と筋機能および筋形態との関係． (2012)
  • Author(s): 日置麻也
  • Journal Title: トレーニング科学 Volume: 23 Pages: 261-269
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of functional properties of skeletal muscle using functional magnetic resonance imaging. (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: J. Phys. Fitness Sports Med. Volume: 1 Pages: 621-630
• [Journal Article] Alternate muscle activity patterns among synergists of the quadriceps femoris including the vastus intermedius during low-level sustained contraction in men (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H., Saito, A., Watanabe, K., Kouzaki, M.
  • Journal Title: Muscle & Nerve Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 体育科学における表面筋電図法の新たな可能性:第1回:表面筋電図法の大腿部深層筋への応用-測定方法の確立 (2012)
  • Author(s): 渡邊航平, 秋間広
  • Journal Title: 体育の科学 Volume: 62 Pages: 61-67
• [Journal Article] 体育科学における表面筋電図法の新たな可能性:第2回:表面筋電図法の大腿部深層筋への応用-測定法の妥当性の検討- (2012)
  • Author(s): 渡邊航平, 秋間広
  • Journal Title: 体育の科学 Volume: 62(印刷中)
• [Journal Article] 体育科学における表面筋電図法の新たな可能性:第3回:中間広筋の活動特性に関する新たな知見 (2012)
  • Author(s): 渡邊航平, 秋間広
  • Journal Title: 体育の科学 Volume: 62(印刷中)
• [Journal Article] 体育科学における表面筋電図法の新たな可能性:第4回:中間広筋の疲労特性 (2012)
  • Author(s): 渡邊航平, 秋間広
  • Journal Title: 体育の科学 Volume: 62(印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Validity of surface electromyography for vastus intermedius muscle assessed by needle electromyography (2011)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, K., Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: J.Neurosci.Methods Volume: 198 Pages: 332-335
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Effect of knee joint angle on neuromuscular activation of the vastus intermedius muscle during isometric contraction (2011)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, K., Akima, H.
  • Journal Title: Scand.J.Med.Sci.Sports Volume: 21
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 等尺性股関節屈曲運動時の大腿直筋の筋収縮が中間広筋の筋活動に及ぼす影響 (2011)
  • Author(s): 齋藤輝, 渡邊航平, 秋間広
  • Journal Title: トレーニング科学 Volume: 23 Pages: 287-295
  • NAID: 40019052789
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Functional and anatomical properties of quadriceps femoris in healthy and injured individuals (2015)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Organizer: Seminal at Deakin University
  • Place of Presentation: Melbourne, Australia
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-30
• [Presentation] 筋力発揮時の大腿四頭筋・深層筋と表層筋の役割 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 鹿屋体育大学セミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 鹿児島
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-06
• [Presentation] 肥満小児の異所性脂肪蓄積と生活習慣病リスクとの関連 (2014)
  • Author(s): 冨樫健二，貝沼圭吾，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第35回日本肥満学会
  • Place of Presentation: 宮崎
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-08
• [Presentation] 筋疲労時の中間広筋を含む大腿四頭筋の筋酸素動態と神経筋機能の変化 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広，安藤良介
  • Organizer: 第69回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 長崎
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-19 – 2014-09-21
• [Presentation] 等尺性収縮時の中間広筋と外側広筋の筋束の短縮動態は異なる (2014)
  • Author(s): 安藤良介，Nosaka, K.，稲見崇孝，富田 彩，渡邊航平，Blazevich, A.，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第69回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 長崎
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-19 – 2014-09-21
• [Presentation] 肥満小児の大腿部筋内脂肪と内臓脂肪断面積および血液性状との関係 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広，冨樫健二
  • Organizer: 第22回日本運動生理学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-19 – 2014-07-20
• [Presentation] Fascicle shortening behaviors during contraction differ between superficial and deep muscle (2014)
  • Author(s): Ando, R., Nosaka, K., Inami, T., Tomita, A., Watanabe, K., Blazevich, A., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 19th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science
  • Place of Presentation: Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-02 – 2014-07-05
• [Presentation] Effect of interelectrode distance on EMG-force relationship of vastus intermedius in women (2014)
  • Author(s): Tomita, A., Saito, A., Ando, R., Watanabe, K., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 61st American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: アメリカ，フロリダ州
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] Muscle coordination of thigh muscles including vastus intermedius and adductor magnus during cycling (2014)
  • Author(s): Saito, A., Watanabe, K.,Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 61st American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: アメリカ，フロリダ州
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] Knee joint angle modifies M-wave of vastus lateralis, not vastus intermedius, during fatiguing tetanic contractions. (2014)
  • Author(s): Ando, R., Watanabe, K.,Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 61st American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: アメリカ，フロリダ州
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] Muscle activation and oxygenation in quadriceps femoris including vastus intermeidus during fatiguing contraction (2014)
  • Author(s): Akima, H., Ando, R.
  • Organizer: The 61st American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: アメリカ，フロリダ州
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] 等速性膝関節伸展運動時の中間広筋の筋活動ー関節角度関係 (2014)
  • Author(s): 河合 誠，谷口圭吾，秋間 広，山下敏彦，片寄正樹
  • Organizer: 第87回日本整形外科学会学術総会
  • Place of Presentation: 兵庫県
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-06 – 2014-05-07
• [Presentation] 健常者と疾患患者における骨格筋の機能と形態の非侵襲的評価 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 札幌医科大学セミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道，札幌
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 加齢や身体不活動が骨格筋と筋内脂肪に及ぼす影響 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 職業人向け講座
  • Place of Presentation: 愛知，みよし市
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Unique activation patterns of the vastus intermedius in the quadriceps femoris muscles during squat movement. (2013)
  • Author(s): Kawai, M., Taniguchi, K., Saito, A., Aoki, N., Akima, H., Katayose, M.
  • Organizer: The 60th American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・インディアナ州
• [Presentation] Comparison of non-contractile tissue in individual muscles of quadriceps between young and old subjects. (2013)
  • Author(s): Yoshiko, A., Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Shimaoka, K., Kioke, T., Sakakibara, H., Oshida, Y., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 60th American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・インディアナ州
• [Presentation] Is neuromuscular activation of vastus intermedius muscle induced by hip flexion movement? (2013)
  • Author(s): Saito, A., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 60th American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・インディアナ州
• [Presentation] Comparison of intramyocellular lipid contents between antigravity and non-antigravity human skeletal muscles. (2013)
  • Author(s): Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Shimaoka, K., Kioke, T., Yoshiko, A., Sakakibara, H., Takahashi, H., Oshida, Y., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 60th American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・インディアナ州
• [Presentation] Non-contractile components in adductors correlate with plasma triglyceride in the elderly but not the young. (2013)
  • Author(s): Akima, H., Yoshiko, A., Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Shimaoka, K., Koike, T., Sakakibara, H., Oshida, Y.
  • Organizer: The 60th American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・インディアナ州
• [Presentation] 高齢者の筋内脂肪と血液性状，身体活動量および身体組成との関係 (2013)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広，吉子彰人，日置麻也，兼平奈奈，島岡 清，小池晃彦，榊原久孝，押田芳治
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] 深層筋を含む大腿筋群の自転車運動時の筋活動パターン (2013)
  • Author(s): 齋藤 輝，渡邊航平，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] 高齢者と若齢者における外側広筋と半腱様筋の筋内脂肪の比較 (2013)
  • Author(s): 吉子彰人，日置麻也，兼平奈奈，島岡 清，小池晃彦，榊原久孝，押田芳治，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] 高齢者と若齢者における大腿四頭筋の筋細胞内脂質と最大随意筋力との関係 (2013)
  • Author(s): 日置麻也，齋藤 輝，兼平奈奈，島岡 清，小池晃彦，吉子彰人，榊原久孝，高橋英幸，押田芳治，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] 女性を対象とした中間広筋の表面筋電図記録の妥当性 (2013)
  • Author(s): 富田 彩，齋藤 輝，安藤良介，渡邊航平，秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] 等速性膝伸展運動における関節角度変化に伴う大腿四頭筋の活動特性 (2013)
  • Author(s): 河合 誠，谷口圭吾，齋藤 輝，秋間 広，片寄正樹
  • Organizer: 第68回日本体力医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
• [Presentation] Effect of interelectrode distance on EMG-force relationship of vastus intermedius muscle in women. (2013)
  • Author(s): Tomita, A., Ando, R., Saito, A., Watanabe, K., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: Center for Exercise and Sports Science Research
  • Place of Presentation: Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Neuromuscular activation of quadriceps femoris during isometric and isotonic fatiguing knee extensions (2013)
  • Author(s): Akima. H.
  • Organizer: Center for Exercise and Sports Science Research
  • Place of Presentation: Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 不活動および身体トレーニングに対する身体適応―骨格筋の機能と形態― (2013)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第59回日本宇宙航空環境医学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Neuromuscular activation of quadriceps femoris during fatiguing contractions. (2013)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 90th Annual Meeting of the Physiologica Society of Japan
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 身体活動量の増減や加齢が骨格筋量と筋内脂肪に及ぼす影響． (2013)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第17回日本体力医学会東海地方会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛知
• [Presentation] 高齢者を対象とした短期間レジスタンストレーニングが筋機能・形態に及ぼす影響． (2013)
  • Author(s): 吉子彰人
  • Organizer: 第17回日本体力医学会東海地方会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛知
• [Presentation] Thiel法固定遺体を用いた大腿部・中間広筋のバイオメカニクス的アプローチ-超音波エコーおよび実測による筋束長の比較- (2012)
  • Author(s): 安藤良介, 齋藤輝, 谷口圭吾, 秋間広, 安宅弘司, 永石歓和, 鈴木大輔, 片寄正樹, 秋田恵一, 藤宮峰子
  • Organizer: 第117回日本解剖学会
  • Place of Presentation: 山梨
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-27
• [Presentation] 動的膝伸展運動時の中間広筋を含む大腿四頭筋の筋疲労特性． (2012)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第25回日本トレーニング科学会
  • Place of Presentation: 滋賀
• [Presentation] 動的膝伸展運動時の筋活動―関節角度関係において中間広筋と他の筋との間には逆位相の関係がある． (2012)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] ヒト大腿部の異なる機能を有する筋間における筋内脂肪の比較． (2012)
  • Author(s): 吉子彰人
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] 屍体の大腿四頭筋における筋束長推定法の妥当性の検討． (2012)
  • Author(s): 安藤良介
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] 等尺性股関節屈曲動作の股関節角度の違いが中間広筋の筋活動に与える影響． (2012)
  • Author(s): 齋藤 輝
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] 1H-MRSを大腿四頭筋およびハムストリングの筋細胞内脂質と血液成分との関係． (2012)
  • Author(s): 日置麻也
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] スクワット動作における膝関節角度変化に伴う中間広筋の活動特性． (2012)
  • Author(s): 河合 誠
  • Organizer: 第67回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜
• [Presentation] Functional properties of quadriceps femoris including vastus intermedius during knee extensions. (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Organizer: Center for Exercise and Sports Science meeting at Edith Cowan University
  • Place of Presentation: Perth, Australia
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Unique neuromuscular activation in the vastus intermedius during dynamic knee extensions. (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Organizer: XIX Congress of the International Society of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane, Australia
• [Presentation] Muscle activation patternes of quadriceps synergists including the vastus intermedius during fatiguing dynamic knee extensions. (2012)
  • Author(s): Akima, H.
  • Organizer: XIX Congress of the International Society of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane, Australia
• [Presentation] Effect of knee joint angle on EMG-force relationship of quadriceps femoris involving vastus intermedius muscle. (2012)
  • Author(s): Saito, A.
  • Organizer: XIX Congress of the International Society of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane, Australia
• [Presentation] Validity of measuring fascicle length of the vastus intermedius in cadavers directly and by ultrasonography. (2012)
  • Author(s): Ando, R.
  • Organizer: XIX Congress of the International Society of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane, Australia
• [Presentation] 骨格筋fMRIと表面筋電図を用いた共働筋の活動特性 (2011)
  • Author(s): 秋間広
  • Organizer: 第66回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 山口(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-16
• [Presentation] 異なる関節角度での中間広筋を含む大腿四頭筋の力-筋電図関係 (2011)
  • Author(s): 齋藤輝, 安藤良介, 秋間広
  • Organizer: 第66回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 山口
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-16
• [Presentation] 中間広筋と外側広筋の筋形状の比較 (2011)
  • Author(s): 安藤良介, 齋藤輝, 梅村義久, 秋間広
  • Organizer: 第66回日本体力医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 山口
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-16
• [Presentation] 中間広筋を含む大腿四頭筋の筋形状と発揮筋力との関係 (2011)
  • Author(s): 安藤良介, 秋間広
  • Organizer: 第24回日本トレーニング科学会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-05
• [Presentation] 低強度・長時間等尺性筋力発揮時の中間広筋を含む大腿四頭筋の共働筋の神経筋活動 (2011)
  • Author(s): 秋間広, 齋藤輝, 渡邊航平, 神崎素樹
  • Organizer: 第19回日本運動生理学会
  • Place of Presentation: 徳島
  • Year and Date: 2011-08-25
• [Presentation] Alternate muscle activity of four synergists in quadriceps femoris during low-level sustained contraction (2011)
  • Author(s): Akima, H, Saito, A., Watanabe, K., Kouzaki, M.
  • Organizer: The 58th Annual meeting of American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Colorado, USA
  • Year and Date: 2011-06-04
• [Presentation] Neuromuscular activation of vastus intermedius muscle during isometric knee flexion at different knee joint angles (2011)
  • Author(s): Saito, A., Watanabe, K., Akima, H.
  • Organizer: The 58th Annual meeting of American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Colorado, USA
  • Year and Date: 2011-06-04
• [Book] スポーツ生理学 (2012)
  • Author(s): 秋間 広
  • Total Pages: 216
  • Publisher: 化学同人者
• [Remarks] My homepage
  • URL: http://www.htc.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~akima/