Poverty and Social Networks in the Philippines

• Project/Area Number: 23401008
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 海外学術
• Research Field: Area studies
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: NAKANISHI Toru 東京大学, 総合文化研究科, 教授 (30227839)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): AOYAMA Waka 東京大学, 東洋文化研究所, 准教授 (90334218)
• Project Period (FY): 2011-04-01 – 2015-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2014)
• Budget Amount: ¥14,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,240,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
• Keywords: フィリピン / 貧困 / 社会ネットワーク / 有機農業 / コミュニティ / 貧困削減政策 / 国際研究者交流 / 少数民族 / スラム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study shows that the organic agriculture can be an important strategy for the poverty reduction by promoting the development of social networks among the poor in the Philippine setting. It has been often explained that the organic agriculture has advantages mainly in environmental conservation and food safety. We verify that it contributes to the improvement of various welfare indices of the poor such as political freedom, productivity of agricultural products and interactions with social networks. This proposition is also illustrated by the fact that ethnic minorities in Negros and Mindanao islands have developed their own organic agriculture by using the techniques peculiar to their communities. It can be also observed that the livelihood strategies of other ethnic minorities in the low-land have been basically to try to keep a distance from the markets or the central government in the Philippines.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] A New Counter-Strategy for Organic Farming Using Local Market Areas (2014)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi, Toru
  • Journal Title: Book of Proceedings: Redefining Approaches in Agribusiness Management and Entrepreneurship for ASEAN 2015 Volume: 1 Pages: 90-108
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] フィリピンの有機農業に学ぶ (2014)
  • Author(s): 中西徹
  • Journal Title: 農村と都市をむすぶ Volume: 748 Pages: 54-58
• [Journal Article] 有機農業と環境保全 (2014)
  • Author(s): 中西徹
  • Journal Title: 国際社会科学研究 Volume: 63 Pages: 35-49
• [Journal Article] Social Inequality among Sama-Bajau Migrants in Urban Settlements: A Case from Davao City (2014)
  • Author(s): AOYAMA, Waka
  • Journal Title: 白山人類学 Volume: 17 Pages: 1-38
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Social Inequality among Sama-Bajau Migrants in Urban (2012)
  • Author(s): Aoyama, Waka
  • Journal Title: Hakusan Journal of Anthropology Volume: 15 Pages: 1-38
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 有機農業とコミュニティ資源 (2012)
  • Author(s): 中西徹
  • Journal Title: 国際社会科学 Volume: 61 Pages: 99-121
• [Presentation] What Do Disasters Reveal about the Society? : A Case Study of the Fire that Hit the Sama-Bajau Community in Davao City (2014)
  • Author(s): Aoyama, Waka
  • Organizer: National Conference on Philippine Studies
  • Place of Presentation: National Museum, Manila, Philippines
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-14
• [Presentation] A New Counter-Strategy for Organic Farming Using Local Market Areas (2014)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi, Toru
  • Organizer: 1st Global Agribusiness Management and Entrepreneurship Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Hotel Dusit Thani, Makati, Philippines
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-23
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Non-Conventional Farming as An Art of Not Being Governed (2013)
  • Author(s): NAKANISHI, Toru
  • Organizer: Sustainable Shared Growth Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, the Philippines
  • Year and Date: 2013-08-23
  • Invited
• [Presentation] "Sustained Poverty for Economic Development and Regeneration of Community-Based Resources,"
  • Author(s): NAKANISHI, Toru
  • Organizer: 14th SGRA Seminar on Urban Rural Gap and Sustainable Shared Growth
  • Place of Presentation: University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
  • Invited
• [Presentation] "The Social Networks among the Poor in the Philippines,"
  • Author(s): NAKANISHI, Toru
  • Organizer: 千葉大学経済学会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉大学法経学部（千葉県千葉市）
  • Invited
• [Presentation] "Sustainable Agriculture: A Case of Nueva Ecija,"
  • Author(s): NAKANISHI, Toru
  • Organizer: The 2nd International Symposium: Environmental-Friendly Agriculture based on Community Resources
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学教養学部（東京都目黒区）
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Social Network Analyssit of Community Dynamics
  • Author(s): Nakanishi, Toru
  • Organizer: Social Network Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: Temple University of Japan (東京)
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Sustained Poverty for Economic Development and Regeneration of Community-Based Resources
  • Author(s): Nakanishi, Toru
  • Organizer: The 14th SGRA Seminar on Urban Rural Gap and Sustainable Shared Growth
  • Place of Presentation: School of Labor and Industrial Relations, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Social Networks among the Poor in the Philippines
  • Author(s): 中西徹
  • Organizer: 千葉大学経済学会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉大学法経学部
  • Invited
• [Book] 内田隆三編『現代社会と人間への問い』（「弱者の戦略：市場に抗する有機農業」を執筆担当） (2015)
  • Author(s): 中西徹（内田隆三ほかと共著）
  • Publisher: せりか書房