| Budget Amount *help |
¥19,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,530,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥7,930,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,830,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Ediacaran sedimentary sequences in China, Brazil, and Spain were examined in order to understand the linkage between the Neoproterozoic animal evolution and drastic climate changes. We newly found sponge spicules from Guizhou province in China, and sponge-like fossils of digitate forms from central Bahia in Brazil. The latter is associated with spheroidal structures of ~4 mm in diameter, which was likely eggs of the digitate fossils. Chemostratigraphy based on inorganic carbon isotope indecates that these fossils were early Ediacaran when the ocean and atmosphere were poor in oxygen. Because the degradation of organic matter was somehow limited, a huge amount of organic matter were suspended in the anoxic oceanic water column. Sponges evolved as the first multicellular animals for adapting these oceanographic conditions. Their sessile and filter feeding habitats were the consequences of this scenario.
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