| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Public employees are servants of all citizens. Their working conditions must be provided for in national law or prefectural/municipal ordinances( order by public law ). It is a requirement of Constitution. On the other hand, most public employees are workers. They must be guaranteed basic labor rights, especially a right to participate in concluding a collective agreement( order by private law ). It is a requirement of Constitution, too. For the purpose of reconciling these two requirements, it's probable to comprehend that a relation between public employees and administration is a contractual relation, to classify working conditions of public employees in matters that are necessary to establish it by a law, matters that are optional to establish it by a law and matters that are require to conclure collective agreements or ,in reference to French law, to systematize a labor‐management council or an institution of collective agreements which assume only obligation to performer.
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