Amino acid sequence analysis of fossil proteins using mass spectrometry

• Project/Area Number: 23654177
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Stratigraphy/Paleontology
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: ENDO Kazuyoshi 東京大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 教授 (80251411)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): TAKAO Toshifumi 大阪大学, 蛋白質研究所, 教授 (10197048)
• Project Period (FY): 2011-04-28 – 2015-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2014)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: 化石タンパク質 / 分子化石 / 腕足動物 / 分子古生物学 / 分子進化学 / 質量分析 / 硬骨格プロテオーム / バイオミネラリゼーション / 貝殻基質タンパク質 / 外套膜 / 殻体プロテオーム / 結晶内タンパク質 / 殻体基質タンパク質 / アミノ酸ラセミ化 / アミノ酸配列 / 分子進化 / 硬組織

Outline of Final Research Achievements

As a first step toward determining amino acid sequences of fossil peptides, 　a combined proteome and transcriptome analysis of the shell and mantle of the terebratulide brachiopods Laqueus rubellus and Coptothyris grayi was carried out. As a result, a total of 75 shell matrix proteins were identified, and it was clarified that most of them are novel proteins not homologous with known skeletal matrix proteins. On the other hand, a preliminary analysis of fossil proteins of L. rubellus and C. grayi 0.39 Ma old was done, having revealed that most of the amino acids occluded in the fossil shells exist as free amino acids rather than as part of peptides, and that an extensive concentration of shell extracts will be needed to obtain amino acid sequences from these fossils.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Brachiopod shell spiral deviations (SSD): Implications for trace element proxies (2014)
  • Author(s): Alberto Pérez-Huerta, Anthony E. Aldridge, Kazuyoshi Endo, Teresa E. Jeffries
  • Journal Title: Chemical Geology Volume: 374-375 Pages: 13-24
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Annotation of the pearl oyster genome. (2013)
  • Author(s): Endo, K. and Takeuchi, T.
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science Volume: 30 Issue: 10 Pages: 779-780
  • DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.779
  • NAID: 210000188246
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Diversity of Shell Matrix Proteins : Genome-wide Investigation of the Pearl Oyster, Pinctada fucata (2013)
  • Author(s): H. Miyamoto, H. Endo, N. Hashimoto, K. Iimura, Y. Isowa, S. Kinoshita, T. Kotaki, T. Masaoka, T. Miki, S. Nakayama, C. Nogawa, A. Notazawa, F. Ohmori, I. Sarashina, M. Suzuki, R. Takagi, J. Takahashi, T. Takeuchi, N. Yokoo, N. Satoh, H. Toyohara, T. Miyashita, H. Wada, T. Samata, K. Endo, H. Nagasawa, S. Asakawa, S. Watabe
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science Volume: 30 Issue: 10 Pages: 801-816
  • DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.801
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A Comparative Study of the Shell Matrix Protein Aspein in Pterioid Bivalves (2012)
  • Author(s): Isowa, Y., Sarashina, I., Setiamarga, D. H. E., and K. Endo
  • Journal Title: Journal of Molecular Evolution Volume: 75 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 11-18
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00239-012-9514-3
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 腕足動物における殻体タンパク質の網羅的同定 (2014)
  • Author(s): 磯和幸延、更科功、大島健志朗、紀藤圭治、服部正平、遠藤一佳
  • Organizer: 第9回バイオミネラリゼーションワークショップ
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学大気海洋研究所（千葉県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-12
• [Presentation] 腕足動物における殻体タンパク質の網羅的同定 (2014)
  • Author(s): 磯和幸延、更科功、大島健志朗、紀藤圭治、服部正平、遠藤一佳
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜（神奈川県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-02
• [Presentation] 腕足動物における殻体タンパク質及び 化石タンパク質の同定 (2013)
  • Author(s): 磯和幸延・更科功・紀藤 圭治・Beatrice Demarchi・Matthew Collins・遠藤 一佳
  • Organizer: 日本古生物学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 熊本県 熊本大学
• [Presentation] Molecular evolution of the shell matrix protein Aspein in pterioid bivalves (2011)
  • Author(s): Isowa Yukinobu、Isao Sarashina, Kazuyosi Endo
  • Organizer: The International Symposium on Pearl Research
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo, Japan
• [Presentation] 翼形類(二枚貝)における貝殻基質タンパク質Aspeinの分子進化 (2011)
  • Author(s): 磯和幸延、更科功、遠藤一佳
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2011年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ（千葉）
• [Presentation] 古代ゲノム学：研究史と今後の展開
  • Author(s): 遠藤一佳
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ、千葉県