| Project/Area Number |
23658106
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Food science
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
KOMAI MICHIO 東北大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 教授 (80143022)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHIRAKAWA Hitoshi 東北大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 准教授 (40206280)
GOTO Tomoko 東北大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 助教 (00342783)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2012
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2013)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
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| Keywords | 苦味受容体 / アブラナ科植物 / 一塩基多型 / 肝臓解毒酵素 / 苦味物質 / ＴＡＳ２Ｒｓ / ＧＳＴｓ / 苦味受容体TAS2Rs / ジペプチド / 肝臓解毒酵素GSTs / 一塩基多型（SNP） / ヒト苦味レセプター / 遺伝子多型 / GSTs / 苦味感受性の個人差 / TAS2R / 苦味感受性個人差 / 苦味物質解毒酵素個人差 |
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| Research Abstract |
Epidemiological studies have shown that isothiocyanate compounds in the cruciferous plant prevents cancer incidence rate. If the taster of this bitter compounds by TAS2R, bitter taste receptor, the intake of this compound may decrease due to its too much bitterness sensation during eating. Another possibility is hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphism. The latter one is involved in the detoxification mechanism of isothiocyanate compounds after eating in the liver, i.e., we cannot eat cruciferous plants if the GST activity is low due to its enzyme polymorphism. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship of TAS2Rs and GSTs polymorphism in human volunteer, and intended to clarify the mechanism involved in the individual difference of cruciferous plant acceptability. Up to now, we found that one of the GST isozyme may be involved in this acceptability, and this may be associated with the non-taster of PTC by TAS2R38, though further detailed study is necessary.
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