| Project/Area Number |
23659545
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Dermatology
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| Research Institution | University of Yamanashi |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIMADA Shinji 山梨大学, 大学院・医学工学総合研究部, 教授 (10114505)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KAWAMURA Tatsuyoshi 山梨大学, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (70262657)
OGAWA Yoichi 山梨大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (20377542)
AOKI Rui 山梨大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (10377541)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2012
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2012)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
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| Keywords | HIV / HSV-2 / 抗菌ペプチド / ランゲルハンス細胞 / HIV感染 / 性行為HIV感染 / ＨＳＶ / ＨＩＶ / 経皮感染 / 自然免疫 |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 shedding is associated with increased risk for sexually acquiring HIV. Because Langerhans cells (LCs)are suspected to be one of the initial target cell types infected by HIV following sexual exposure, we examined whether and how HSV-2 affects HIV infection of LCs. HSV-2 stimulated epithelial cell production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including human ・ defensins and LL-37. Culture supernatants of epithelial cells infected with HSV-2 enhanced HIV susceptibility in mLCs, and this effect was abrogated by blocking LL-37 production. These data suggest that HSV-2 enhances sexual transmission of HIV by increasing HIV susceptibility of LCs via epithelial cell production of LL-37.
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