| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The following three results were obtained by this research.
First, in Japan, employment of mothers with the youngest child being aged 0-3, especially that of part-time employment, has dramatically increased between 1990-2010.Second, in Italy, the employment rate of women is lower, and the part-time employment rate is less than that of Japan's; nevertheless, the available hours of child care services provided by nursing homes for children aged 0 -3 are relatively limited. As a consequence, it is not sufficient to cover their parents' full-time working hours.Third, in Italy, there has been an enormous increase of migrant domestic workers in the last two decades, although the migrant workers are inclined to work in elderly care rather than for child care, so that it is indispensable for working mothers to obtain support from their parents.
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