| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
|
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In relation to environment recognition, in the 18th century the Qing dynasty tried to solve desertification and salt accumulation by construction of canal and water supply management system, but both the lack of knowledge about the importance of drainage and the absence of total management of water supply resulted in worsening salt and sand accumulation. In the case of Heihe river, setting border associated with construction of walls transformed the faith in the goddess of Heihe river and caused water shortage to nomads inhabited in lower river region. In relation to technology adaptations, development of underground water was advanced in Shaanxi region; local governors put well irrigation into practice. At the same time, underground water was recognized as inexhaustible resource; well irrigation was regarded as a representative of overcoming nature by human activities.
|
