| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study investigated supplementary courses of middle schools which, established as formal schools, functioned as exam-preparatory organizations. It investigated both policy making processes on supplementary courses and case studies of 6 prefectures typifying all the prefectures.
The investigation found: (1) from Taisho era onward government was reluctant to middle schools’ concentration on preparatory education, (2) suspecting their inclination to preparatory education, middle schools could not avoid concentrating on exam-preparatory education for students aspiring to matriculate into higher schools.
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