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Elucidation of stem cell aging mechanisms and regeneration of brain functions based on reprogramming technology

Research Project

Project/Area Number 23K18451
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 59:Sports sciences, physical education, health sciences, and related fields
Research InstitutionNara Institute of Science and Technology (2024)
Kyushu University (2023)

Principal Investigator

Matsuda Taito  奈良先端科学技術大学院大学, 先端科学技術研究科, 准教授 (10756993)

Project Period (FY) 2023-06-30 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Keywordsリプログラミング / 神経幹細胞 / エピジェネテイクス / 神経細胞 / 幹細胞 / 老化 / 若返り / エピジェネティクス
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、幼齢期 (出生後5 日)、若齢期 (12 週)、中齢期 (24 週) のマウス海馬から神経幹細胞を単離し、加齢に伴った段階的なscRNA-seqを実施することで、神経幹細胞機能低下を誘導する最初期トリガー因子の同定を目指す。また、細胞固有の遺伝子発現の根幹であるエピジェネティクスを制御する因子に着目することで、エピゲノムの巻き戻しによる継続的な神経幹細胞若返りも目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We investigated the early molecular mechanisms of neural stem cell (NSC) aging in the adult mouse hippocampus. Using integrated single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses, we discovered progressive transcriptional and chromatin changes from neonatal to mature stages. We identified that the downregulation of Setd8, an enzyme responsible for H4K20 monomethylation, plays a central role in this process. By conditionally deleting Setd8 in NSCs, we observed impaired proliferation, reduced neurogenesis, and hippocampus-dependent memory deficits. Furthermore, Setd8 knockdown in vitro reproduced age-like transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles, including quiescence and senescence signatures. Importantly, we demonstrated that Setd8-dependent loss of NSC function is reversible upon restoration. Our findings reveal that Setd8 downregulation drives early-stage NSC aging through epigenetic remodeling and suggest that targeting this pathway may prevent age-related cognitive decline.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、成体海馬の神経幹細胞における加齢初期の機能低下の分子基盤として、ヒストン修飾酵素Setd8の発現低下が転写・クロマチン変化を引き起こすことを初めて示した。老化は治療困難とされてきたが、本研究により可逆的なエピゲノム制御による若返りの可能性が示され、将来的な認知症予防や老化抑制の新たな標的分子の発見につながることが期待される。

Report

(1 results)
  • 2024 Final Research Report ( PDF )

URL: 

Published: 2023-07-04   Modified: 2026-01-16  

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