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Dynamic game analysis for international environmental agreements

Research Project

Project/Area Number 23K20604
Project/Area Number (Other) 21H00717 (2021-2023)
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund (2024)
Single-year Grants (2021-2023)
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07040:Economic policy-related
Research InstitutionWaseda University

Principal Investigator

Akao Ken-Ichi  早稲田大学, 社会科学総合学術院, 教授 (30211692)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 上東 貴志  神戸大学, 計算社会科学研究センター, 教授 (30324908)
西村 和雄  神戸大学, 計算社会科学研究センター, 特命教授 (60145654)
和佐 泰明  早稲田大学, 理工学術院, 准教授 (60793560)
石井 仁司  津田塾大学, 数学・計算機科学研究所, 研究員 (70102887)
内田 健康  早稲田大学, 理工学術院, 名誉教授 (80063808)
阪本 浩章  神戸大学, 経済学研究科, 准教授 (80758996)
鈴木 詩衣菜  聖学院大学, 政治経済学部, 准教授 (80780121)
Project Period (FY) 2024-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Keywords地球環境問題 / 微分ゲーム / Payoff dominant 均衡 / 区分的に連続な戦略 / 協調ゲーム / 非対称ゲーム / Long-run envy-free 均衡 / 国際環境協定 / 動学ゲーム / 非対称動学ゲーム / 協力解 / 環境主義的効率解 / 平等主義的協力解 / Stackelberg ゲーム / 協調ゲーム/Stackelberg ゲーム
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、国際環境協定を、各国にとって望ましいナッシュ均衡(payoff dominant 均衡)を選択する事前交渉付き協調ゲームと見なして、次の課題に取り組む。
(a) この想定の妥当性の検討、
(b) この想定の下での区分的連続関数を含む戦略空間上の非対称動学ゲームの payoff dominant 均衡の特徴づけ、
(c) 新たな科学的知見や技術革新の可能性が同均衡に及ぼす影響(不確実性の導入)、
(d) 非対称ゲームにおける非協力解の厚生評価、
(e) もう一つの国際環境協定の定式化として、リーダー国群/フォロワー国群の構造をもつ Stackelberg モデルの定式化と分析。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The international environmental agreement is analyzed as an LQ differential game, where the pollution stock serves as the state variable and the Markov strategy space consists of piecewise differentiable functions. A non-cooperative game with pre-communication provides an appropriate theoretical model for such agreements, and the outcome is considered a payoff-dominant equilibrium. Markov perfect Nash equilibria form a continuum, among which the strategy yielding the lowest pollution is payoff dominant. Its steady state converges to that of the cooperative solution as the discount rate approaches zero. In asymmetric games, we consider the long-run envy-free equilibrium, in which the agreement leads to a steady state that is envy free.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球環境問題の解決には各国の協調が必要であり、国際環境協定は問題への取組の第一歩である。一方で、各国利害の対立やフリーライド誘因によって、全面的な協力は期待できない。そこで、国際環境協定の有効性や、どのような方式が有効であるかを明らかにすることは重要である。本研究は、気候変動枠組条約のパリ協定のような自己拘束的な枠組みであっても、利己的ではあるが、十分に注意深く知識を持った政策担当者による合意は、環境保全的なものとなりうること、特に担当者が十分に将来世代に配慮するならば、合意は協力解に準ずるものとなるという、国際環境協定の可能性を理論的に明らかにした点に社会的意義を認めることができる。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2023 Annual Research Report
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (36 results)

All 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (23 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Peer Reviewed: 20 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 1 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Test function approach to fully nonlinear equations in thin domains2025

    • Author(s)
      Birindelli Isabeau、Briani Ariela、Ishii Hitoshi
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society

      Volume: 153 Pages: 2099-2113

    • DOI

      10.1090/proc/17158

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Business cycles fluctuations in three-sector intertemporal equilibrium models2025

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura Kazuo、Pelgrin Florian、Venditti Alain
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Economic Theory

      Volume: 226 Pages: 106010-106010

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jet.2025.106010

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Science and Economics of Climate Change2024

    • Author(s)
      阪本 浩章
    • Journal Title

      Review of Environmental Economics and Policy Studies

      Volume: 17 Issue: 2 Pages: 39-54

    • DOI

      10.14927/reeps.rev1702-002

    • ISSN
      1882-3742, 2188-2495
    • Year and Date
      2024-09-30
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Expectations, beliefs and the business cycle: tracing back to the deep economic drivers2024

    • Author(s)
      Dufourt Frederic、Nishimura Kazuo、Venditti Alain
    • Journal Title

      Economic Theory

      Volume: 79 Issue: 1 Pages: 89-149

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00199-024-01555-y

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Critical Capital Stock in a Continuous Time Growth Model with a Convex-Concave Production Function2024

    • Author(s)
      Akao Ken-Ichi、Kamihigashi Takashi、Nishimura Kazuo
    • Journal Title

      SSRN

      Volume: 4992255 Pages: 1-54

    • DOI

      10.2139/ssrn.4992255

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The effect of conversation on altruism: A comparative study with different media and generations2024

    • Author(s)
      Maalouly Elie、Yamazaki Ryuji、Nishio Shuichi、Norskov Marco、Kamaga Kohei、Komai Shoji、Chiba Kiyoshi、Atsumi Keiichiro、Akao Ken-Ichi
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 19 Issue: 6 Pages: e0301769-e0301769

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0301769

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A dynamic theory of the Balassa-Samuelson effect: Why has the Japanese economy stagnated for over 30 years?2024

    • Author(s)
      Kazuo Nishimura, Harutaka Takahashi and Alain Venditti
    • Journal Title

      Communications in Optimization Theory

      Volume: 2024(34) Pages: 1-12

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The monotonic path and its value loss when an optimal path is non-monotonic2024

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Journal Title

      RIEEM Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 2401 Pages: 1-31

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Knowledge-based structural change2024

    • Author(s)
      Genna Kevin、Ghiglino Christian、Nishimura Kazuo、Venditti Alain
    • Journal Title

      Economic Theory

      Volume: 78 Issue: 4 Pages: 1333-1388

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00199-024-01587-4

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Equilibrium Analysis of MPC-based Climate Change Policy in Dynamic Games between Developed and Developing Regions2024

    • Author(s)
      Kato Namiki、Wasa Yasuaki、Akao Ken-Ichi
    • Journal Title

      Proc. 63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

      Volume: CDC Pages: 523-528

    • DOI

      10.1109/cdc56724.2024.10886615

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Governors in the Digital Era: Analyzing and Predicting Social Media Engagement Using Machine Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan2024

    • Author(s)
      Salama Shady,Vera Paola Shoda,Takashi Kamihigashi
    • Journal Title

      Informatics

      Volume: 11(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 17-17

    • DOI

      10.3390/informatics11020017

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Extracting Official Agencies Communication Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Text Mining Approach2024

    • Author(s)
      Shady Salama, Akira Matsui, Takashi Kamihigashi
    • Journal Title

      Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Innovations in Computing Research (ICR’24) )

      Volume: 1058 Pages: 3-12

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 新・環境法シリーズ(第153回)気候変動への対応と生物多様性の保全の調和に向けた環境条約の連携強化と法的課題ーネイチャーポジティブの実現と生物多様性の主流化に向けて2024

    • Author(s)
      鈴木詩衣菜
    • Journal Title

      環境管理

      Volume: 60(12) Pages: 101-106

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Open‐loop equilibrium seeking in two‐agent noncooperative linear‐quadratic dynamic game with asymmetric horizon length2023

    • Author(s)
      Wasa Yasuaki、Tanaka Taichi、Hayakawa Tomohisa
    • Journal Title

      Asian Journal of Control

      Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 4-12

    • DOI

      10.1002/asjc.3181

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Propagation of minima for nonlocal operators2023

    • Author(s)
      Birindelli Isabeau、Galise Giulio、Ishii Hitoshi
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics

      Volume: Online Issue: 4 Pages: 1-14

    • DOI

      10.1017/prm.2023.49

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] EXISTENCE OF AN OPTIMAL PATH IN A CONTINUOUS-TIME NONCONCAVE RAMSEY MODEL2022

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao, Hitoshi Ishii, Takashi Kamihigashi, Kazuo Nishimura
    • Journal Title

      Pure and Applied Functional Analysis

      Volume: 7 Pages: 1939-1952

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Sustainable Development: Controversies and Theoretical Results in Economics2022

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Journal Title

      Sustainable development disciplines for society : breaking down the 5Ps - people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships

      Volume: - Pages: 123-138

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 測区間非対称な二人非協調動的ゲームにおける均衡探索2022

    • Author(s)
      田中大地, 和佐泰明, 早川朋久
    • Journal Title

      制御部門マルチシンポジウム予稿集, 3D1-6

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Stability analysis of pricing competition in retail electricity market: On Impact of bounded rationality2021

    • Author(s)
      S. Yamashita, M.A. Khan, T. Hatanaka, K. Uchida, and L. Tong
    • Journal Title

      Proc. 60th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Austin, Dec. 2021

      Volume: - Pages: 5646-5652

    • DOI

      10.1109/cdc45484.2021.9683418

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 選好を考慮したLQG電力需給ネットワークに対する動的予算均衡統合メカニズムの設計2021

    • Author(s)
      村尾俊幸, 鈴木志昇, 平田研二, 内田健康
    • Journal Title

      計測自動制御学会論文集

      Volume: 57 Pages: 358-366

    • NAID

      130008076437

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A system analysis brought by asymmetric prediction horizon length in two-agent non-cooperative differential game2021

    • Author(s)
      和佐泰明, 田中大地, 早川朋久
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the Japan Joint Automatic Control Conference

      Volume: 64 Issue: 0 Pages: 906-910

    • DOI

      10.11511/jacc.64.0_906

    • NAID

      130008128061

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] “Coase Meets Bellman: Dynamic Programming for Production Networks”2021

    • Author(s)
      Tomoo Kikuchi, Kazuo Nishimura, John Stachurski and Junnan Zhang
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Economic Theory

      Volume: 196 Pages: 105287-105287

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jet.2021.105287

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] “Externalities of human capital,”2021

    • Author(s)
      Stefano Bosi, Teresa Lloyd-Braga and Kazuo Nishimura
    • Journal Title

      Mathematical Social Sciences

      Volume: 112 Pages: 145-158

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2021.03.013

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Distant future generations and the emissions gap in climate change issues2024

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      Human/Non-human Relationships and Sustainable Development: TAISI Symposium・IHS-NTU Vanguard Summit
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Intergenerational Altruism and Intergenerational Equity: The Source of the Emissions Gap2024

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      The annual PACE International Conference 2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Legal Challenges to Harmonizing Wetland Conservation and Renewable Energy2024

    • Author(s)
      Shiina Suzuki
    • Organizer
      10th Asian Wetland Symposium
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ネイチャーポジティブの実現に向けた環境諸条約の連携と法的課題2024

    • Author(s)
      鈴木詩衣菜
    • Organizer
      第16回日本湿地学会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Dynamic Incentive and Control Mechanism in a Principal-Agent Problem: A Stability Analysis in Long-Term Risk-Sensitive Case2023

    • Author(s)
      Yasuaki Wasa
    • Organizer
      Asian Association of Environmental and Resource Economics
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] EPR or PPP? The choice of principle for environmental regulation2023

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      Asian Association of Environmental and Resource Economics
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Procedural Justice in Intergeneration and Discounting2022

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      nternational Conference on Public Economic Theory
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A basic theory for the environment and natural resource management: Existence of an optimal path in a continuous time nonconcave Ramsey model2022

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      The 11th Congress of the Asian Association of Environmental and Resource Economics
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] International Environmental Agreement as an Equilibrium Choice in a Differential Game2021

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      2021 Asian Meeting of the Econometric Society (Curtin University Malaysia, Online)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Payoff dominant equilibrium in a differential game for pollution control2021

    • Author(s)
      Ken-Ichi Akao
    • Organizer
      Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] SDGsで世界を探求する-9つのテーマから学ぶ2025

    • Author(s)
      鈴木詩衣菜
    • Total Pages
      236
    • Publisher
      聖学院大学出版
    • ISBN
      9784909891181
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] カーボンニュートラルと社会2024

    • Author(s)
      鷲津 明由, 赤尾 健一, 有村 俊秀
    • Total Pages
      258
    • Publisher
      晃洋書房
    • ISBN
      9784771039025
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Sustainable development disciplines for society : breaking down the 5Ps - people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships2022

    • Author(s)
      Urata, S., K.-I. Akao, A. Washizu
    • Total Pages
      254
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • ISBN
      9789811951442
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2026-01-16  

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