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Glycerophosphocholine as a choline source: its functions and absorption mechanism

Research Project

Project/Area Number 23K21180
Project/Area Number (Other) 21H02139 (2021-2023)
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund (2024)
Single-year Grants (2021-2023)
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 38050:Food sciences-related
Research InstitutionHiroshima University

Principal Investigator

Yanaka Noriyuki  広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(生), 教授 (70346526)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 藤井 力  福島大学, 食農学類, 教授 (40372198)
大久保 剛  仙台白百合女子大学, 人間学部, 教授 (40513172)
Project Period (FY) 2024-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Keywordsコリン / グリセロホスホコリン / 酒粕 / 消化管 / Gpcpd1 / 小腸 / グリセロホスホジエステラーゼ / GDE5 / GPC / TMAO / glycerophosphocholine / choline / trimethylamine N-oxide / 腸管上皮細胞特異的欠損マウス / trimethylamine / ゲノム編集法
Outline of Research at the Start

コリンはリン脂質やアセチルコリンの合成、メチル基供給など極めて重要な生理機能を有するが、先進諸国での摂取量不足が指摘されている。コリン補充を目的とした遊離コリンの過剰摂取は消化管内でのトリメチルアミン生成を介した種々の疾病リスクとの関連が指摘されており、本研究ではグリセロホスホコリン(GPC)の腸管内での代謝や吸収機構をGPC分解酵素欠損マウスなどを用いて解明することで安全なコリン供給体として提案する。さらに日本古来の食品素材である酒粕がGPCを高含有していることを見出しており、ヒト酒粕摂取試験によってコリン代謝物に与える影響を確認し、日本発のコリン供給型食品素材を提案する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the metabolic mechanism of glycerophosphocholine (GPC) in the gastrointestinal tract. Using a Transwell system with human colonic epithelial Caco-2 cells, we demonstrated that GPC is primarily hydrolyzed to choline in the apical medium. We focused on Gpcpd1/GDE5, which hydrolyzes GPC to choline and is widely expressed in the gastrointestinal epithelium. We generated intestinal epithelial-specific Gpcpd1-deficient mice and found that Gpcpd1 deletion in intestinal epithelial cells affected GPC metabolism in intestinal tissues and partially abolished the increase in blood TMAO levels induced by GPC administration.
This study investigated choline compound content in sake cakes and examined sake cake pharmacokinetics in humans to propose sake cake as a source of choline.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

グリセロホスホコリン(以下、GPC)の腸管内での代謝や吸収機構を解明する中で、腸管上皮細胞で発現するGpcpd1が消化管でのコリンへの変換に関与することを示した。ゲノム編集法によって作製した腸管特異的Gpcpd1欠損マウスを用いて、腸管内でのGPCの代謝を抑制した場合に血中のTMAO濃度が低下し、GPC摂取時の副作用の予防につながることを見出した。GPCは酒粕や牛乳に豊富に含まれる天然成分として注目されており、認知症予防効果が期待されているが、Gpcpd1を抑制する食品成分との同時摂取(フードペアリング)によってGPCの副作用の軽減につながる可能性が示された。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2023 Annual Research Report
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (28 results)

All 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Peer Reviewed: 12 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (15 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] UT Southwestern Medical Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Glucosyl hesperidin supplementation prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis and immune activation in diabetic nephropathy in mice2025

    • Author(s)
      Kotaro Hashimoto, Yuki Yoshida, Mion Kamesawa, Nao Yazawa, Hikaru Tominaga, Rahmawati Aisyah, Siyi Chen, Chanikan Bumrungkit, Seiji Kawamoto, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Journal Title

      Nutrients

      Volume: 17 Issue: 3 Pages: 383-383

    • DOI

      10.3390/nu17030383

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Role of Gpcpd1 in intestinal alpha-glycerophosphocholine metabolism and trimethylamine N-oxide production2024

    • Author(s)
      Siyi Chen, Shiho Inui, Rahmawati Aisyah, Ryoko Nakashima, Tatsuya Kawaguchi, Minori Hinomoto, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Tetsushi Sakuma, Yusuke Sotomaru, Noriyasu Ohshima, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Takeshi Ohkubo, Takashi Yamamoto, Yutaka Miura, Takuya Suzuki, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Biological Chemistry

      Volume: 300 Issue: 12 Pages: 107965-107965

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107965

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Comparative study on muscle function in two different streptozotocin-induced diabetic models2024

    • Author(s)
      Rahmawati Aisyah, Mion Kamesawa, Mayu Horii, Daiki Watanabe, Yuki Yoshida, Kenshu Miyata, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Masanobu Wada, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Journal Title

      Acta Diabetologica

      Volume: 61 Issue: 11 Pages: 1443-1453

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00592-024-02311-3

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] GDE5/Gpcpd1 activity determines phosphatidylcholine composition in skeletal muscle and regulates contractile force in mice2024

    • Author(s)
      Rahmawati Aisyah, Noriyasu Ohshima, Noriyuki Yanaka, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Communications Biology

      Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Pages: 604-604

    • DOI

      10.1038/s42003-024-06298-z

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review2024

    • Author(s)
      Norihisa Kato*, Akiko Kimoto, Peipei Zhang, Chanikan Bumrungkit, Sajith Karunaratne, Noriyuki Yanaka, and Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee*
    • Journal Title

      Nutrients

      Volume: 16 Issue: 1 Pages: 177-177

    • DOI

      10.3390/nu16010177

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Satellite cell content and muscle regeneration in a mouse model of NAFLD2022

    • Author(s)
      Saliu TP, Kumrungsee T, Mitsumoto K, Chen S, Yanaka N.
    • Journal Title

      Nutrition

      Volume: 96 Pages: 111570-111570

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.nut.2021.111570

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Comparative study on molecular mechanism of diabetic myopathy in two different types of streptozotocin-induced diabetic models2022

    • Author(s)
      Saliu TP, *Kumrungsee T, Miyata K, Tominaga H, Yazawa N, Hashimoto K, Kamesawa M, Yanaka N
    • Journal Title

      Life Sciences

      Volume: 288 Pages: 120183-120183

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120183

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Serum Amyloid A3 Promoter-Driven Luciferase Activity Enables Visualization of Diabetic Kidney Disease2022

    • Author(s)
      Saliu TP, Yazawa N, Hashimoto K, Miyata K, Kudo A, Horii M, Kamesawa M, Kumrungsee T, Yanaka N
    • Journal Title

      International journal of molecular sciences.

      Volume: 23 Issue: 2 Pages: 899-899

    • DOI

      10.3390/ijms23020899

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of recombinant murine GDE4 and GDE7, enzymes producing lysophosphatidic acid and/or cyclic phosphatidic acid.2022

    • Author(s)
      Tserendavga B, Ohshima N, Fujita C, Yuzawa K, Ohshima M, Yanaka N, Minamishima YA, Izumi T.
    • Journal Title

      J. Biochem.

      Volume: 170 Issue: 6 Pages: 713-727

    • DOI

      10.1093/jb/mvab091

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Satellite Cells Exhibit Decreased Numbers and Impaired Functions on Single Myofibers Isolated from Vitamin B6-Deficient Mice2021

    • Author(s)
      Komaru T, Yanaka N, *Kumrungsee T
    • Journal Title

      Nutrients

      Volume: 13 Issue: 12 Pages: 4531-4531

    • DOI

      10.3390/nu13124531

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Molecular docking and pharmacokinetic studies of phytocompounds from Nigerian Medicinal Plants as promising inhibitory agents against SARS-CoV-2 methyltransferase (nsp16)2021

    • Author(s)
      Saliu TP, Umar HI, Ogunsile OJ, Okpara MO, Yanaka N, Elekofehinti OO.
    • Journal Title

      J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol.

      Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Pages: 172-172

    • DOI

      10.1186/s43141-021-00273-5

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Emerging cardioprotective mechanisms of vitamin B6: a narrative review2021

    • Author(s)
      Kumrungsee Thanutchaporn、Peipei?Zhang、Yanaka Noriyuki、Suda Takashi、Kato Norihisa
    • Journal Title

      European Journal of Nutrition

      Volume: 61 Issue: 2 Pages: 605-613

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00394-021-02665-2

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 腸内細菌代謝産物HMPAの腎臓保護効果2024

    • Author(s)
      大瀬戸 遥、工藤 綾音、江井 くるみ、田川 岳、吉野 進、Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee、矢中 規之
    • Organizer
      第78回日本栄養・食糧学会大会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] α-glucosyl hesperidin摂取は糖尿病性腎症マウスにおいて糸球体保護効果を示す2024

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有希、亀沢 実音、尾崎 海斗、石橋 真紀、遠藤 伸、Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee、矢中 規之
    • Organizer
      第78回日本栄養・食糧学会大会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 骨格筋におけるリン脂質代謝酵素GDE5/Gpcpd1の欠損はDHA結合型膜リン脂質を減少させ、筋収縮力を低下させる2024

    • Author(s)
      RAHMAWATI AISYAH、佐藤 洸司、中畑 花織、大嶋 紀安、横山 茅紘、渡邊 大輝、THANUTCHAPORN KUMRUNGSEE、中村 美奈子、山本 卓、佐久間 哲史、中川 佳子、三浦 進司、和田 正信、矢中 規之
    • Organizer
      第78回日本栄養・食糧学会大会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 糖尿病性腎症マウスにおけるα-glucosyl hesperidinの腎臓保護効果2023

    • Author(s)
      亀沢実音、吉田有希、石橋真紀、遠藤伸、Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee、矢中規之
    • Organizer
      日本フードファクター学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Anti-obesity effect of root extract of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb in mice and induction of hepatic CYP2B gene expression2023

    • Author(s)
      Ruj Vatanapahu, Moe Mihara, Takashi Tagawa, Mai Kanazawa, Rahmawati Aisyah, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      14th Asian Congress of Nutrition (ACN)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of the peel of a new citrus cultivar “Mizuki” in high-fat diet induced obese mice2023

    • Author(s)
      Yuyin Meng, Yan Hu, Toshihiro Kobayashi, Yoshihiro Sakashita, Yuko Yanagimoto, Junko Kaneyoshi, Rahmawati Aisyah, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Ryohei Nakano, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      14th Asian Congress of Nutrition (ACN)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Molecular mechanism of intestinal alpha-glycerophosphocholine metabolism and TMAO production2023

    • Author(s)
      Siyi Chen, Shiho Inui, Ryoko Nakashima, Tatsuya Kawaguchi, Takuya Suzuki, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Tetsushi Sakuma, Takashi Yamamoto, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      14th Asian Congress of Nutrition (ACN)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 新規リン脂質代謝酵素の同定、および骨格筋リポクオリティ2023

    • Author(s)
      矢中規之
    • Organizer
      日本生化学会北陸支部 シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Functional relationship between phosphatidylcholine profiles and skeletal muscle function- Metabolic analyses of skeletal muscle-specific GDE5 deficient mouse2022

    • Author(s)
      Rahmawati Aisyah, Noriyasu Ohshima, Daiki Watanabe, Tetsushi Sakuma, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Shinji Miura, Takashi Yamamoto, Masanobu Wada, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Appetite-suppressing effects of dietary GABA and GABA degradation inhibition in lean and obese mice: a potential strategy for obesity treatment2022

    • Author(s)
      Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Tomoka Nagao, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] NAFLD milieu alters satellite cell content and muscle regeneration in mice2022

    • Author(s)
      Siyi Chen, Tolulope Peter Saliu, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Koji Mitsumoto, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Absorption and metabolism of glycerophosphocholine and lecithin2022

    • Author(s)
      Shiho Inui, Ryoko Nakashima, Tatsuya Kawaguchi, Noriyasu Ohshima, Takuya Suzuki, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Tetsushi Sakuma, Takashi Yamamoto, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Protective effects of D-β-hydroxybutyrate on diabetic nephropathy and myopathy in mice2022

    • Author(s)
      Kenshu Miyata, Mayu Horii, Tolulope Peter Saliu, Ayane Kudo, Jun Tsubota, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Homocarnosine as a novel food factor increases brain GABA and homocarnosine levels2022

    • Author(s)
      Jason Dumaguing Braga, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee, Mikako Sato, Yukihiro Sugawara, Noriyuki Yanaka
    • Organizer
      22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 生体内の化学発光を利用した非侵襲性動物評価系の構築-腎症モデルへの応用2021

    • Author(s)
      矢中規之
    • Organizer
      2021年度西日本・中四国・関西支部 合同大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2026-01-16  

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