Accurate measurements of the Hubble constant with multi-faceted gravitational lensing analyses

• Project/Area Number: 23K22531
• Project/Area Number (Other): 22H01260 (2022-2023)
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund (2024); Single-year Grants (2022-2023)
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 16010:Astronomy-related
• Research Institution: Chiba University
• Principal Investigator: 大栗 真宗 千葉大学, 先進科学センター, 教授 (60598572)
• Project Period (FY): 2022-04-01 – 2026-03-31
• Project Status: Granted (Fiscal Year 2024)
• Budget Amount: ¥16,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,810,000); Fiscal Year 2025: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000); Fiscal Year 2024: ¥6,240,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,440,000); Fiscal Year 2023: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
• Keywords: 宇宙論 / 重力レンズ / 銀河団 / 超新星 / 観測的宇宙論 / クエーサー

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、これまでの重力レンズを用いたハッブル定数測定と相補的な独自のアプローチとして、レンズ天体が銀河団の場合、および背後の遠方天体が超新星の場合の重力レンズを用いた高精度のハッブル定数の測定を目指す。本研究により近傍宇宙のハッブル定数測定の精度を高め、早期宇宙と後期宇宙のハッブル定数測定値の食い違い、いわゆるハッブル定数問題の決着を目指す。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

重要な研究成果として、銀河団超新星重力レンズRefsdalの詳細解析によるハッブル定数の測定結果が得られた。光度曲線の詳細解析、及び慎重な銀河団質量モデル解析、また人為的バイアスを避けるためのブラインド解析を導入した。得られたハッブル定数の値は65 km/s/Mpc程度と比較的低い値で、興味深い結果であった。この結果は超新星重力レンズを用いた初の本格的なハッブル定数測定の結果であり、本研究課題の重要なマイルストーンとなった。この研究成果はScience誌に掲載され、大きな注目を集めている。
もう一つの重要な研究成果として、銀河団重力レンズSDSS J1004+4112を用いたハッブル定数測定の結果がある。我々の解析では銀河団質量モデルの不定性に特に注意を払い、ハローの質量分布や摂動などの仮定を変えた16個の質量モデルを考え、質量モデルの仮定がハッブル定数測定に大きな影響を与えることを示した。このように16個もの多くの異なる質量モデルを考えてハッブル定数測定への影響を調べた論文は過去に例がなく、質量モデルとハッブル定数の関係の理解を大きく進展される結果である。
その他にも多くの重要な進展が得られている。ガイア衛星観測データを活用したクエーサー重力レンズ探査やジェームズウェッブ宇宙望遠鏡データ解析などでいくつかの重要な研究成果が得られ、また重力レンズクエーサーと重力レンズ超新星の新しい現実的な模擬カタログ作成のためのコード開発も順調に進み、最初の結果が既に得られている。

Current Status of Research Progress

1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.

Reason

既にハッブル定数測定の結果を複数出版できており、その他の研究成果も当初の予定を上回るペースで得られているため。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

引き続き他の重力レンズ系におけるハッブル定数測定を進め、質量分布との関係を慎重に調査する。また現実的な模擬重力レンズカタログの作成も進める。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] ミネソタ大学/南カリフォルニア大学/UCLA(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ベングリオン大学(イスラエル)
• [Int'l Joint Research] バスク大学/IFCS(スペイン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] U. Minnesota/U. Arizona/U. Illinois(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] U. Basque Country/IFCA/CSIC-INTA(スペイン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] U. Bonn/MPE/LMU(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] U. Durham/U. Manchester(英国)
• [Journal Article] Constraints on the Hubble constant from supernova Refsdal’s reappearance (2023)
  • Author(s): Kelly Patrick L.、Rodney Steven、Treu Tommaso、Oguri Masamune、et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 380 Issue: 6649
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.abh1322
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Magnificent Five Images of Supernova Refsdal: Time Delay and Magnification Measurements (2023)
  • Author(s): Kelly Patrick L.、Rodney Steven、Treu Tommaso、、、Oguri Maamune、、、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 948 Issue: 2 Pages: 93-93
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4ccb
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Hubble constant from the cluster-lensed quasar system SDSS <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">J</mml:mi><mml:mn>1004</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>4112</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>: Investigation of the lens model dependence (2023)
  • Author(s): Liu Yuting、Oguri Masamune、Cao Shuo
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 108 Issue: 8 Pages: 083532-083532
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.083532
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A close quasar pair in a disk?disk galaxy merger at z = 2.17 (2023)
  • Author(s): Chen Yu-Ching、Liu Xin、Foord Adi、Shen Yue、Oguri Masamune、Chen Nianyi、Di Matteo Tiziana、Holgado Miguel、Hwang Hsiang-Chih、Zakamska Nadia
  • Journal Title: Nature Volume: 616 Issue: 7955 Pages: 45-49
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05766-6
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] JWST Reveals a Possible z ? 11 Galaxy Merger in Triply Lensed MACS0647?JD (2023)
  • Author(s): Hsiao Tiger Yu-Yang、Coe Dan、Abdurro’uf、Whitler Lily、Jung Intae、、、Masamune Oguri、、、 et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 949 Issue: 2 Pages: L34-L34
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acc94b
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Flashlights: an off-caustic lensed star at redshift <i>z</i> = 1.26 in Abell 370 (2023)
  • Author(s): Meena Ashish Kumar、Chen Wenlei、Zitrin Adi、Kelly Patrick L、Golubchik Miriam、Zhou Rui、Alfred Amruth、Broadhurst Tom、Diego Jose M、Filippenko Alexei V、Li Sung Kei、Oguri Masamune、Smith Nathan、Williams Liliya L R
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 521 Issue: 4 Pages: 5224-5231
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad869
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual Subkiloparsec AGN (VODKA). SDSS J1608+2716: A Subarcsecond Quadruply Lensed Quasar at z = 2.575 (2023)
  • Author(s): Li Junyao、Liu Xin、Shen Yue、Oguri Masamune、Gross Arran C.、Zakamska Nadia L.、Chen Yu-Ching、Hwang Hsiang-Chih
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 955 Issue: 1 Pages: L16-L16
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acf27a
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual Subkiloparsec Active Galactic Nuclei (VODKA): Investigating the Nature of SDSS J0823+2418 at z = 1.81, A Likely Lensed Quasar (2023)
  • Author(s): Gross Arran C.、Chen Yu-Ching、Foord Adi、Liu Xin、Shen Yue、Oguri Masamune、Goulding Andy、Hwang Hsiang-Chih、Zakamska Nadia L.、Ma ? Yilun 逸?、Nolan Liam
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 956 Issue: 2 Pages: 117-117
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acf469
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation from Redshift z ? 8 to the Local Universe (2023)
  • Author(s): Langeroodi Danial、Hjorth Jens、Chen Wenlei、Kelly Patrick L.、、、Oguri Masamune、、、 et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 957 Issue: 1 Pages: 39-39
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acdbc1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Survey of gravitationally lensed objects in HSC imaging (SuGOHI) - IX. Discovery of strongly lensed quasar candidates (2023)
  • Author(s): Chan James H H、Wong Kenneth C、Ding Xuheng、Chao Dani、Chiu I-Non、Jaelani Anton T、Kayo Issha、More Anupreeta、Oguri Masamune、Suyu Sherry H
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 527 Issue: 3 Pages: 6253-6275
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad2953
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) (2023)
  • Author(s): Ota N.、Nguyen-Dang N. T.、Mitsuishi I.、Oguri M.、Klein M.、Okabe N.、Ramos-Ceja M. E.、Reiprich T. H.、Pacaud F.、Bulbul E.、Bruggen M.、Liu A.、Migkas K.、Chiu I.、Ghirardini V.、Grandis S.、Lin Y.-T.、Miyatake H.、Miyazaki S.、Sanders J. S.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 669 Pages: A110-A110
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244260
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Statistics of Galactic-scale Quasar Pairs at Cosmic Noon (2023)
  • Author(s): Shen Yue、Hwang Hsiang-Chih、Oguri Masamune、Chen Nianyi、Matteo Tiziana Di、Ni Yueying、Bird Simeon、Zakamska Nadia、Liu Xin、Chen Yu-Ching、Kratter Kaitlin M.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 943 Issue: 1 Pages: 38-38
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aca662
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spatially Resolved Stellar Populations of 0.3 <~ z <~ 6.0 Galaxies in WHL 0137?08 and MACS 0647+70 Clusters as Revealed by JWST: How Do Galaxies Grow and Quench over Cosmic Time? (2023)
  • Author(s): Abdurro’uf,,, Oguri, Masamune (12 th),, (23 authors in total)
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 945 Issue: 2 Pages: 117-117
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acba06
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Comprehensive Study of Galaxies at z >~ 9 ~ 16 Found in the Early JWST Data: Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star Formation History at the Pre-reionization Epoch (2023)
  • Author(s): Harikane Yuichi、Ouchi Masami、Oguri Masamune、Ono Yoshiaki、Nakajima Kimihiko、Isobe Yuki、Umeda Hiroya、Mawatari Ken、Zhang Yechi
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Volume: 265 Issue: 1 Pages: 5-5
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acaaa9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Gravitationally lensed quasars in Gaia. IV. 150 new lenses, quasar pairs, and projected quasars (2022)
  • Author(s): Lemon C、Anguita T、Auger-Williams M W、Courbin F、Galan A、McMahon R、Neira F、Oguri M、Schechter P、Shajib A、Treu T、Agnello A、Spiniello C
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 520 Issue: 3 Pages: 3305-3328
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3721
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: ALMA-Herschel Joint Study of Lensed Dusty Star-forming Galaxies across z ? 0.5 ? 6 (2022)
  • Author(s): Sun Fengwu et al. (incl. Kana Morokuma-Matsui)
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 932 Issue: 2 Pages: 77-77
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac6e3f
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Shock cooling of a red-supergiant supernova at redshift 3 in lensed images (2022)
  • Author(s): Chen Wenlei、Kelly Patrick L.、Oguri Masamune、Broadhurst Thomas J.、Diego Jose M.、Emami Najmeh、Filippenko Alexei V.、Treu Tommaso L.、Zitrin Adi
  • Journal Title: Nature Volume: 611 Issue: 7935 Pages: 256-259
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05252-5
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Weak lensing analysis (2024)
  • Author(s): Masamune Oguri
  • Organizer: International Workshop KEK-Cosmo 2024 ``Statistical Analysis of Random Fields in Cosmology''
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Strong lens modeling of clusters with JWST data (2023)
  • Author(s): Masamune Oguri
  • Organizer: IAUS 381: Strong gravitational lensing in the era of Big Data
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Gravitationally lensed supernovae (2023)
  • Author(s): Masamune Oguri
  • Organizer: The 14th RESCEU International Symposium ``From Large to Small Structures in the Universe''
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Gravitational lensing to measure the Hubble parameter (2023)
  • Author(s): Masamune Oguri
  • Organizer: Hubble Tension 2023
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Remarks] 世界初！光り輝くブラックホールのペアを遠方宇宙で発見
  • URL: https://www.chiba-u.ac.jp/news/notice/post_10.html
• [Remarks] 「再出現」した超新星爆発の観測により宇宙の膨張速度を測定
  • URL: https://www.chiba-u.ac.jp/news/research-collab/50.html
• [Remarks] 115億光年の遠方から届いた超新星爆発初期の様子
  • URL: https://www.chiba-u.ac.jp/others/topics/info/115_2.html