| Budget Amount *help |
¥18,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥6,240,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,440,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥6,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,590,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Phospholipase A2s (PLA2s) are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 position of phospholipids to generate fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Mammalian genomes encode genes for more than 30 PLA2s or related enzymes, which are subdivided into several groups on the basis of their structures and enzymatic properties. In this study, we analyzed knockout mice for several PLA2s whose functions had been unknown to reveal their pathophysiological roles. We provide evidence that (1) sPLA2-IIE regulates metabolism by hydrolyzing lipoprotein phospholipids, (2) sPLA2-XIIA regulates mast cell activation and acquired immunity, (3) PNPLA7 controls hepatic choline homeostasis and thereby systemic metabolism, and (4) PNPLA1 regulates epidermal ceramide metabolism and associated skin barrier function.
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