| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Major findings of this study are as follows: 1. Due to yet unstable system of musical notation those days, dramas introducing numbers of songs have their difficulties to be circulated into “reading” public, which might have guaranteed the superiority of stage over page at least for limited time of early modern era. 2. Songs, because of their requirement of performers’ observing rhyme and melodies, might effectively put under control otherwise possibly excessive comical improvisation by actors with clown parts. 3. While as a part of dramas, inserted songs, with their current circulation per se, sometimes take the audience outside the plot of the plays. As a result, various forms of ironies, multiple meanings, parodies and satire would reasonably be imposed, which should give plays a kind of richness.
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