| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We studied the distribution of the conditional forms peculiar to some Kyushu dialects, ‘gi' and its allomorphs, ‘gitto', ‘ginta' etc. (hereafter ‘Gi’) compared with that of the same (or similar) conditional forms as standard Japanese. Gi is thought to originate from ‘giri' (e.g. ‘limitation’). We show that in Saga, Gi is the most popular conditional form across all generations, covering not only predictive, counterfactual and generic usages but also some epistemic usages, which are expressed by ‘nara’, or its allomorphs (hereafter ‘Nara’) in standard Japanese and in most dialects. Gi in Kamikoshiki, Izumi, Kamiamakusa and Sasebo, however, is mostly used by middle-aged and elderly groups, and even for them, Gi is not preferentially used. Nara is predominant in the aforementioned and neighboring areas. Nara has a wider coverage than Gi. We also show that the form-meaning limitation, ‘syaga', conveys similar implications as Gi after conditional clauses, mainly in Kumamoto.
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