| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study has investigated the expected standard of ELF (=English as a lingua franca) among non-native speakers of English. A survey was conducted among proficient Japanese ELF speakers who work for international organizations. The result shows that the tendency of IC (= Inner Circle) as a standard is prominent in their English writing, but hardly recognized in their speaking. In particular, “pronunciation with L1 identity”, is not considered as critical hindrance for communication at all, but intelligibility (clarity) and logic (logicality) of speaking are important factors not to impede their communication. They are likely to solve problems in communication by asking for repetition or clarification of utterances.
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