| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study describes changes in the L1 and L2 writing abilities of 22 Japanese students and asks what factors most critically impacted these changes over a 3.5-year observation period. The students were English majors with low- to mid-intermediate proficiency and aged 18 when the study began. They were observed at the beginning of their first year and in the middle of their second, third, and fourth years in university. Data included the students’ scores on standardized L2 proficiency tests, L1 and L2 compositions rated by two independent writing specialists, and in-depth interviews about their beliefs about L1 and L2 writing and how and why their writing ability changed as it did over the period. The data analysis draws on Gaddis’ (2002) historical-ecological perspective and explores the potential of “retrocasting” as a method for uncovering what critically impacted the participants’ growth as multicompetent writers.
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