| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the modern principle of “International Law”, the State was classified into 3 groups; that of “civilized”, “barbarous” or “savage” humanity. Japan was recognized as a “barbarous” country by the western powers. As the result of that, Japan was restricted to exercise his sovereign authority and forced to conclude unequal treaties including consular courts. On the other hand, Japan in the process of struggling to join “civilized” countries, he forced China and Korea to conclude unequal treaties for them and exercised his consular jurisdiction over these countries.
In this project, the consular courts by the western countries in Japan and by Japan in East Asia was both studied and analyzed based on diplomatic archives and original court records and discussed the role of both consular courts. This project also tried to shed light on the process of consular courts to resident courts and then to colonial courts.
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