Causation in Insurance Contracts

• Project/Area Number: 24530076
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Civil law
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: YAMAMOTO Tetsuo 北海道大学, 法学(政治学)研究科(研究院), 教授 (80230572)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-04-01 – 2015-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2014)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
• Keywords: 民事法学 / 保険 / 因果関係

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In the United States there are two approaches to resolving the conundrum on multiple causes in insurance contracts. One approach intends an appropriate result under the circumstances according to the reasonable expectations of parties to an insurance contract in each case. Another approach intends denying an ad hoc thinking and establishing a clear criterion for judgement. By one criterion in the latter approach the key is whether the cause is within the scope of the risk which an insurer assumes. When the two causes are dependent on each other, the antecedent cause is the cause of the loss if the risk of the antecedent cause materializes. What role the rule of contra proferentem on the interpretation of contacts plays depends on whether the multiple causes problem is placed ultimately as the matter of interpretation of contracts or as the matter of facts. Functionally this depends on whether the proper resolution can be accomplished by the rule of contra proferentem.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] 「損害保険」、「第21条（保険給付の履行期）」 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 山下友信、永沢徹編著『論点体系保険法１』 Volume: なし
• [Journal Article] 「第52条（保険給付の履行期）」、「第53条（強行規定）」、「第81条（保険給付の履行期）」、「第82条（強行規定）」 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 山下友信、永沢徹編著『論点体系保険法２』 Volume: なし
• [Journal Article] 外来の事故と吐物誤嚥 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: ジュリスト Volume: 1446号 Pages: 116-117
• [Journal Article] 運行供用者責任と責任能力 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 損害保険研究 Volume: 76巻2号 Pages: 293-310
• [Journal Article] 手形を所持しない者の裁判上の請求と時効の中断 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 手形小切手判例百選（第7版） Volume: なし Pages: 156-157
• [Journal Article] 不告知事実と死亡原因との因果関係の有無 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 保険事例研究会レポート Volume: 275号 Pages: 111-111
• [Journal Article] 保険金受取人による被保険者の故殺 (2013)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 生命保険論集 Volume: 185号 Pages: 43145-43145
• [Journal Article] 巨大災害・巨大リスクと法制度 (2013)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 保険学雑誌 Volume: 620号 Pages: 43-62
• [Journal Article] 消費者契約法における誤認に基づく取消しの対象 (2012)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Journal Title: 北大法学論集 Volume: 63巻 Pages: 968-934
  • NAID: 40019464028
• [Presentation] 巨大災害・巨大リスクと法制度 (2012)
  • Author(s): 山本哲生
  • Organizer: 日本保険学会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本大学（東京都）