| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research is analyzing the educational policies in Japan and European countries, especially in Germany. The trend in educational policies is "New Public Management (NPM)”. Because of the NPM the educational policies are required the efficiencies, and the equalities of the educational opportunities.
Main educational policies are following; (1) Early Childhood Education Care. In many European countries are trying to more places for less than three years children.(2) The school improvements by the external evaluations. In Germany the most states (Laender) have external school assessment systems.(3) Teacher educations reform of the more combined programs with schools. In the Bologna process, teacher training systems are changing for applicants to gain better skills and knowledge. (4) The guarantee of qualities in studying at universities and mobility between universities.
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