| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Basophils have recently been recognized as an initiator of type 2 immune responses producing interleukin-4 (IL-4) in response to various stimuli. The cysteine protease papain was shown to induce production of IL-4 and other molecules in murine basophils. Papain has been shown to not only trigger IL-4 production but also activate antigen presentation machinery by basophils, thereby initiating Th2 responses. However, the papain receptor and the signaling pathway for IL-4 production induced by the protease remained unclear. Here we show that basophils lacking FcRγ failed to produce IL-4 in response to papain. Retroviral reconstitution experiments showed that the FcRγ-ITAM-Syk signaling pathway was essential in papain-induced IL-4 production. In addition, papain specifically induced the expression of IFN-related genes in bone marrow-derived basophils. These observations indicated that other receptors as well as FcRγ-associated molecules could potentially recognize the protease papain.
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