| Project/Area Number |
24651211
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Genome biology
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Institute of Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
Kato Akira 東京工業大学, 生命理工学研究科, 助教 (40311336)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
竹井 祥郎 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 教授 (10129249)
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| Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) |
KUSAKABE Makoto 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 助教 (40451893)
HIROSE Shigehisa 東京工業大学, 生命理工学研究科, 教授 (10134199)
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| Research Collaborator |
WATANABE Taro 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 技術職員
Romero Michael F. Mayo Clinic, Professor
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| Project Period (FY) |
2012-04-01 – 2014-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2013)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
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| Keywords | 比較ゲノム / 遺伝子欠失 / 偽遺伝子化 / 無胃魚 / 胃 / 胃酸 / 壁細胞 / 生理学 / 発生・分化 / 進化 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Certain lineages of teleost fish lack the stomach and are called agastric or stomachless fish, and four gastric genes, atp4a, atp4b, pgc, and pga2, have been co-deleted in stomachless fish. To better understand the genotypic convergence among agastric fishes, we compared open genome databases of agastric fishes (pufferfish, zebrafish, etc.) and gastric fishes (stickleback, etc.). Four genes involved in gastric function (kcne2, slc26a9, vsig1, cldn18a) were newly found to be frequently absent or pseudogenized in agastric fish genome databases. We also found that kcne2 and vsig1 were also absent or pseudogenized in the agastric monotremes echidna and platypus, respectively. These results revealed novel convergent gene losses at multiple loci among the major groups of agastric fishes, as well as a single gene loss in the echidna and platypus.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
器官の喪失という進化上の大きなイベントの仕組みを理解し、生物の生存戦略の違いや消化器の多様性を理解することは、生物多様性のより深い理解や、種の保全、養殖技術の開発などに貢献することが期待される。また、無胃魚で欠失していた遺伝子の一部が胃を退化させた哺乳類でも欠失していたことから、今後これらの遺伝子の解析を通して胃の形成にかかわる未知のメカニズムを解明することができれば、哺乳類における胃の研究や医学にも貢献できる可能性がある。
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