| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study explored the extent and forms of black entry into the commercial farming sector in South Africa, through the case studies of the wine and sugar industries. Compared to the mining and fisheries sectors, the progress of black economic empowerment (BEE) in the agricultural sector is still in its early stages. Still this study identified several characteristic forms of black entry into the wine and sugar industries. In the wine industry, there are two types of BEE wineries; share equity schemes with farmworkers and wine brand companies. The latter is numerically more and does not involve the acquisition of grape farms by black people. In the sugar industry, a large number of sugarcane farms have been transferred to black producers by land reform. However, many of them struggle to keep supplying sugarcane to sugar mills without additional financial assistance in order to manage sugarcane production.
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