| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To clarify expression of gangliosides and ganglioside synthase genes during evolution of melanomas from melanocytes, their expression was analyzed with cultured melanocytes and melanoma cell lines, showing that that melanomas expressed high mRNA levels of GD3 synthase and GM2/GD2 synthase and low levels of GM1/GD1b synthase genes compared with melanocytes. Despite no effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on the expression levels of ganglioside synthase genes in melanocytes, culture supernatants of UVB-irradiated keratinocytes induced definite up-regulation of GD3 synthase and GM2/GD2 synthase genes. Analysis of the supernatants revealed that inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-6 enhanced GD3 synthase gene expression. These results suggest that inflammatory cytokines secreted from UVB-irradiated keratinocytes induced melanoma-associated ganglioside synthase genes, proposing roles of skin microenvironment in the promotion of melanoma-like ganglioside profiles in melanocytes.
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