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Study on the development and function of regulatory T cells and their application to the treatment of immunological diseases

Research Project

Project/Area Number 24H00610
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 49:Pathology, infection/immunology, and related fields
Research InstitutionThe University of Osaka

Principal Investigator

坂口 志文  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任教授 (30280770)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) Chen KelvinYigene  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任助教(常勤) (00898851)
三上 統久  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任准教授(常勤) (20710388)
市山 健司  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任准教授(常勤) (60777960)
竹島 雄介  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任助教(常勤) (70893288)
Project Period (FY) 2024-04-01 – 2027-03-31
Project Status Granted (Fiscal Year 2025)
Budget Amount *help
¥48,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥37,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2025: ¥15,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,660,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥16,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,780,000)
Keywords制御性T細胞 / 免疫制御 / 自己免疫病 / ゲノム解析 / T細胞分化
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、免疫自己寛容、免疫恒常性の確立と維持に不可欠である制御性T細胞(Regulatory T cells、以下Treg)の発生・分化・増殖・機能維持および免疫抑制の分子的基礎を明らかにする。そのため、Treg発生・分化に伴うTreg特異的転写因子の遺伝子発現および機能解析に加えて、単一細胞レベルでのトランスクリプトーム、エピゲノム、発現蛋白の時間軸、空間情報を加味した網羅的解析を進める。得られた知見を基に、Tregに発現する分子を標的とした免疫抑制技術、特に、抗原特異的ナイーブ、メモリー/エフェクターT細胞を機能的に安定なTregに転換する新技術を開発する。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究の目的は、制御性T細胞(Treg)の細胞系譜決定機構、Tregによる免疫抑制機能の分子的基礎を解明し、その理解をもとに、Tregの誘導、その量的、機能的操作によるアレルギー、自己免疫病などの免疫疾患の治療と予防、また移植免疫寛容の誘導など、新たな免疫治療の基礎を確立することにある。本年度、胸腺Treg前駆細胞を単離し、試験管内でTregに分化誘導する実験モデルを新規に確立し、Treg前駆細胞に高発現する各種シグナル受容体を複数同定することで、胸腺内Treg分化の理解を進めた。さらに、Tregによる免疫抑制機構の研究成果として、Tregに高発現するCTLA-4が、抗原提示細胞、特に移動型樹状細胞上の副刺激分子CD80/CD86の発現を抑制し、その結果CD80と結合しているPD-1分子の解離を促進し、遊離型PD-L1がPD-1陽性活性化T細胞の抑制に働くことを見出した。即ち、Tregは、ナイーブT細胞のみならず活性化T細胞をも抑制し、免疫寛容誘導時における被抑制T細胞の細胞運命と機能変化をもたらす。以上の成果に加えて、ヒトの末梢血CD4+ T細胞から誘導性Tregを誘導する系で、約20万の遺伝子についてCRISPR screeningを行った。その結果、遺伝子欠損によってTreg特異的転写因子FoxP3の発現を亢進させる遺伝子群を見出した。これらの成果は、本研究の目的、即ち、抗原特異的Tregの誘導・作製と、これを用いた生理的で長期間安定な抗原特異的免疫抑制および免疫寛容誘導法の確立に重要な成果である。

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.

Reason

研究計画にあげていた3つの研究細目(1) tTreg分化過程の解析と分化決定に関わる因子の検索・同定、(2) Tregによる免疫抑制を受けたT細胞の分化、細胞運命の解明、(3) 炎症を媒介する抗原特異的T細胞の機能的に安定なiTregへの転換について、研究成果を、それぞれ論文に纏めるところまで研究の進捗があった。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

当初の計画どおり研究を遂行する。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2024 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All 2025 2024

All Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 7 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 9 results)

  • [Journal Article] Genome-wide CRISPR screen in human T cells reveals regulators of FOXP32025

    • Author(s)
      Chen Kelvin Y.、Kibayashi Tatsuya、Giguelay Ambre、Hata Mayu、Nakajima Shunsuke、Mikami Norihisa、Takeshima Yusuke、Ichiyama Kenji、Omiya Ryusuke、Ludwig Leif S.、Hattori Kunihiro、Sakaguchi Shimon
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: online Issue: 8066 Pages: 191-200

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-025-08795-5

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] KLF2 expression in IgG plasma cells at their induction site regulates the migration program.2025

    • Author(s)
      Ise W, et al.
    • Journal Title

      J Exp Med

      Volume: 222 Issue: 5

    • DOI

      10.1084/jem.20241019

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Single cell suppression profiling of human regulatory T cells2025

    • Author(s)
      Sondergaard Jonas Norskov、Tulyeu Janyerkye、Priest David、Sakaguchi Shimon、Wing James B.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 16 Issue: 1 Pages: 1325-1325

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-024-55746-1

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Platelet factor 4-induced TH1-Treg polarization suppresses antitumor immunity2024

    • Author(s)
      Kuratani Ayumi、Okamoto Masaaki、Kishida Kazuki、Okuzaki Daisuke、Sasai Miwa、Sakaguchi Shimon、Arase Hisashi、Yamamoto Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 386 Issue: 6724

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.adn8608

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Neoself-antigens are the primary target for autoreactive T cells in human lupus.2024

    • Author(s)
      Mori S, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Cell

      Volume: 187 Issue: 21 Pages: 6071-6087

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cell.2024.08.025

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Transcription factor Ikzf1 associates with Foxp3 to repress gene expression in Treg cells and limit autoimmunity and anti-tumor immunity2024

    • Author(s)
      Ichiyama Kenji、Long Jia、Kobayashi Yusuke、Horita Yuji、Kinoshita Takeshi、Nakamura Yamami、Kominami Chizuko、Georgopoulos Katia、Sakaguchi Shimon
    • Journal Title

      Immunity

      Volume: 57 Issue: 9 Pages: 2043-2060

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.010

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] CTLA-4-expressing ILC3s restrain interleukin-23-mediated inflammation2024

    • Author(s)
      Ahmed A., Joseph A., Zhou J., Horn V., Uddin J., Lyu M., Goc J., Artis D., Longman R., Wing J. B., Vivier E., Sakaguchi S., Sonnenberg G. F., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 630 Issue: 8018 Pages: 976-983

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-024-07537-3

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Neural-net-based cell deconvolution from DNA methylation reveals tumor microenvironment associated with cancer prognosis2024

    • Author(s)
      Yasumizu Y., Hagiwara M., Umezu Y., Fuji H., Iwaisako K., Asagiri M., Uemoto S., Nakamura Y., Thul S., Ueyama A., Yokoi K., Tanemura A., Nose Y., Saito T., Wada H., Kakuda M., Kohara M., Nojima S., Morii E., Doki Y., Sakaguchi S., Ohkura N.
    • Journal Title

      NAR Cancer

      Volume: 6 Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1093/narcan/zcae022

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Downregulation of TCF7 and LEF1 is a key determinant of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cell function2024

    • Author(s)
      Kidani Yujiro、Kitagawa Yohko、Hagiwara Masaki、Kawashima Atsunari、Kanazawa Takayuki、Wada Hisashi、Uemura Motohide、Nonomura Norio、Motooka Daisuke、Nakamura Shota、Ohkura Naganari、Sakaguchi Shimon
    • Journal Title

      International Immunology

      Volume: 36 Issue: 4 Pages: 167-182

    • DOI

      10.1093/intimm/dxad053

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Treatment of autoimmune disease by converting disease-mediating T cells into Treg cells2025

    • Author(s)
      坂口志文
    • Organizer
      日独免疫ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Conversion of disease-mediating T cells into Tregs for treatment of immunological diseases2025

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      The 3rd Keio University WPI-Bio2Q International Symposium
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Immune tolerance and regulatory T cells2024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      Seminar at Charles University
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Induction of antigen-specific and functionally stable Tregs from effector/memory T cells for adoptive cell therapy of autoimmune disease2024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      International LIT Symposium “Synthetic Immunology / Synthetic Biology”
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Treg therapy of immunological diseases by converting disease-mediating T cells into Tregs2024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      The 1st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cytokine Society
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Targeting Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) in Cancer: The Science, Trials, and Future2024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      2024 ASCO Breakthrough
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Treg 20242024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      The promise of Interleukin-2 Therapy
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Treatment of autoimmune disease by converting disease-mediating T cells into Treg cells2024

    • Author(s)
      Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      The 3rd UCL‐OU IFReC joint Symposium on Immunology
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 制御性T細胞による免疫疾患の制御2024

    • Author(s)
      坂口志文
    • Organizer
      第52回日本臨床免疫学会総会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] シングルセルマルチオミクス・空間遺伝子発現解析による尿路上皮癌腫瘍微小環境の解明2024

    • Author(s)
      牧野克洋、佐藤悠佑、村田高史、竹島雄介、畑まゆ、Kelvin Y. Chen、久米春喜、坂口志文
    • Organizer
      第62 回日本癌治療学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Differentiation of peripherally-derived Treg cells and restoration of oral tolerance by food intake and costimulatory blockade2024

    • Author(s)
      Masaya Arai, Ryoji Kawakami, Yamami Nakamura, Yoko Naito, Daisuke Motooka, Norihisa Mikami, Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      第53回日本免疫学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Possible diversity of Treg cell development pathways branching from CD25negFoxp3neg pre-precursor stage in the thymus2024

    • Author(s)
      Ryoji Kawakami, Shimon Sakaguchi
    • Organizer
      第53回日本免疫学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2024-04-05   Modified: 2025-12-26  

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