| Budget Amount *help |
¥100,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥77,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥23,190,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥15,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,510,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥18,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,380,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥22,360,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,160,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥19,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥24,440,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,640,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This five-year research project conducted a total of twenty surveys and excavations in the al-Jafr Basin (south Jordan) and the Tabuk/Jawf Plateau (NW Saudi Arabia). The investigations have shed new light on the following three key issues: 1) the deviation process of seasonal pastoral transhumance from parent settlements in the sedentary cultural sphere; 2) the transition process from village-based, short-range pastoral transhumance in a marginal zone to high-mobility pastoral nomadism in a remote dry land; and 3) the formation process of full-fledged, tribalism-based nomadic society subsequent to incipient, small-scale pastoral nomadism. The series of new perspectives has enabled us to sequentially trace the overall picture of the pastoral nomadization in the dry heartland of the Near East thus far poorly understood.
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