| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥9,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,280,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
One obvious feature of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a large-scale packet of convective clouds near the equator with a horizontal width of more than 1,000 km. The MJO not only directly influences equatorial regions through strong westerly and a large amount of precipitation but also indirectly modulates mid-latitude weather patterns by teleconnections. This study investigates the initiation and eastward movement mechanisms of the MJO by using the new observational data and a global cloud-system-resolving model. It is found that a zonal contraction of the equatorial mixed-Rossby-gravity waves due to the low-level westerly forced by a zonal sea surface temperature (SST) difference possibly induces the initiation of the MJO. It is also found that the seasonal SST change is fast enough to force the eastward movement of precipitating region, which can constitute a reason for the eastward shift of the MJO.
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