| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This was a research to examine African American Orientalism in literature and its's relation with the Transatlantic slave trade. Japonisme is considered as the Euro-American cultural movement among white artists, but actually African American writers also responded to the movement. But it is also important to understand that African American writers were conscious of racism in the system of Orientalism. Nella Larsen criticized it in her novel, Quicksand. In Richard Wright's Haiku, his protest against racism is also found.
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