| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research began as a comparison between US policy towards Japan during the 1930s under the Herbert Hoover (HH) and the Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) administrations. The approach taken was that of diplomatic history, and as a result the research relied on extensive use of primary archival material. Past studies have focused mostly on FDR and thus there lacks a comparison component with the previous administration. This is omission is unfortunate as one needs to trace the decade of the 1930s in its entirety if one is to understand the turning point in American policy toward Japan; that is when did it become less conciliatory/accommodating and shift to a more hardline policy.In conclusion, one can see that HH policies were inconsistent at best, which led to mixed signals toward Japan. On the other hand, FDR had a very consistent policy toward Japan, which became firm after the Second Shanghai incident.
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