Study on evolution of small bodies by impact experiments on granular media under different simulated gravity

• Project/Area Number: 25400453
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Solid earth and planetary physics
• Research Institution: Kobe University
• Principal Investigator: Nakamura Akiko 神戸大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (40260012)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 和田 浩二 千葉工業大学, 惑星探査研究センター, 主席研究員 (10396856)
• Research Collaborator: KIUCHI MASATO 神戸大学, 大学院理学研究科, 大学院生 ; OMURA TOMOMI 神戸大学, 大学院理学研究科, 大学院生 ; GUETTLER CARSTEN 神戸大学, 大学院理学研究科, 学振外国人特別研究員
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
• Keywords: 小惑星 / 衝突 / 数値シミュレーション / レゴリス / 低重力 / クレーター / 小天体 / 微小重力 / 粒子シミュレーション / 重力

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to understand the impact cratering on the regolith layer of small bodies, we developed a simulated low gravity collision experiment device and conducted a low speed impact crater formation experiment in the range of 0.01 - 1 G at atmospheric pressure and below 10 Pa. It was found that the crater diameter is proportional to about -0.2 power of gravitational acceleration. We also gained an empirical relationship on the gravitational dependence of the porosity of the granular layer. On the other hand, we experimentally show the case where inter-particle force dominates gravity and even if the gravity decreases, the crater diameter does not become larger as expected. On the other hand, numerical simulation showed that the amount of ejecta from impact cratering does not depend on particle interactions, i.e. restitution coefficient and friction coefficient that lead to energy dissipation.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Centrifugal Experiments with Simulated Regolith: Effect of Gravity, Size Distribution, and Particle Shape on Porosity (2016)
  • Author(s): Omura, T., Kiuchi, M., Guettler, C., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Journal Title: Trans. JSASS Aerospace Tech. Japan Volume: 14
  • NAID: 130006902260
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Performance of Hayabusa2 DCAM3-D camera for short-range imaging of SCI and ejecta curtain generated from the artificial impact crater formed on asteroid 162137 Ryugu (1999 JU3) (2016)
  • Author(s): Arakawa, M.;Wada, K.;Saiki, T.;Kadono, T.;Takagi, Y.;Shirai, K.;Okamoto, C.;Yano, H.;Hayakawa, M.;Nakazawa, S.;Hirata, N.;Kobayashi, M.;Michel, P.;Jutzi, M.;Imamura, H.;Ogawa, K.;Sakatani, N.;Iijima, Y.;Honda, R.;Ishibashi, K.;Hayakawa, H.;Sawada, H.
  • Journal Title: Space Science Review Volume: - Issue: 1-4 Pages: 1-26
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11214-016-0290-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] インパクターの破壊 (2015)
  • Author(s): 中村昭子
  • Journal Title: 遊星人 Volume: 24 Pages: 233-238
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Crater-Ray Formation by Impact-Induced Ejecta Particles (2015)
  • Author(s): T. Kadono, A. I. Suzuki, K. Wada, N. K. Mitani, S. Yamamoto, M. Arakawa, S. Sugita, J. Haruyama, and A. M. Nakamura
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 250 Pages: 215-221
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.030
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 離散要素法による衝突の数値シミュレーション の歩み (2015)
  • Author(s): 和田浩二
  • Journal Title: 遊星人 Volume: 24 Pages: 201-213
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Dynamics of hypervelocity jetting during oblique impacts of spherical projectiles investigated via ultrafast imaging (2015)
  • Author(s): Kurosawa, K., Nagaoka, Y., Senshu, H., Wada, K., Hasegawa, S., Sugita, S., and Matsui, T.
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. Volume: 120 Issue: 7 Pages: 1-15
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014je004730
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cohesion of amorphous silica spheres: Toward a better understanding of the coagulation growth of silicate dust aggregates (2015)
  • Author(s): Kimura, H., Wada, K., Senshu, H., and Kobayashi, H.
  • Journal Title: Astrophys. J. Volume: 812 Issue: 1 Pages: 67-67
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/812/1/67
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Photoelectric dust levitation around airless bodies revised using realistic photoelectron velocity distributions (2015)
  • Author(s): H. Senshu, H. Kimura, T. Yamamoto, K. Wada, M. Kobayashi, N. Namiki, and T. Matsui
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 未定 Pages: 18-29
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2015.03.009
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Ejecta curtain radiative transfer modeling for probing its geometry and dust optical properties (2015)
  • Author(s): Shalima P., K. Wada, and H. Kimura
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 未定 Pages: 39-47
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2015.03.017
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Corrigendum to ''Relationship between regolith particle size and porosity on small bodies'' [Icarus 239 (2014) 291-293] (2015)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 248 Pages: 221-221
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.10.039
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Size dependence of the disruption threshold: Laboratory examination of millimeter-centimeter porous targets (2015)
  • Author(s): Nakamura, A. M., Yamane, F., Okamoto, T., Takasawa, S.
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 107 Pages: 45-52
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2014.07.011
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Impact experiments on highly porous targets: Cavity morphology and disruption thresholds in the strength regime (2015)
  • Author(s): Okamoto, T., Nakamura, A. M., Hasegawa, S
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 107 Pages: 36-44
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2014.08.008
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Relationship between regolith particle size and porosity on small bodies (2014)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M. and Nakamura, A. M.
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 239 Pages: 291-293
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.05.029
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Laboratory experiments on the impact disruption of iron meteorites at temperature of near-Earth space (2014)
  • Author(s): T. Katsura, A. M. Nakamura, A. Takabe, T. Okamoto, K. Sangen, S. Hasegawa, X. Liu, and T. Mashimo
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 241 Pages: 1-12
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.06.007
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Experimental study of impact-cratering damage on brittle cylindrical column model as a fundamental component of space architecture (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujiwara, A., Onose, N., Setoh, M., Nakamura, A. M., Hiraoka, K., Hasegawa, S., and Okudaira, K.
  • Journal Title: Adv. Space Res. Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Pages: 1479-1486
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2014.06.015
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Electrostatic lofting of dust aggregates near the terminator of airless bodies and its implication for the formation of exozodiacal disks (2014)
  • Author(s): Kimura, H., Senshu, H., and Wada, K.
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 未定 Pages: 64-72
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2014.03.017
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Degree of impactor fragmentation under collision with a regolith surface- Laboratory impact experiments of rock projectiles (2014)
  • Author(s): Nagaoka, H., Takasawa, S., Nakamura, A. M., and Sangen, K.
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics and Planetary Science Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Pages: 69-79
  • DOI: 10.1111/maps.12126
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] An Examination of Collisional Growth of Silicate Dust in Protoplanetary Disks (2014)
  • Author(s): Yamamoto, T., Kadono,T. and Wada, K.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 783 Issue: 2 Pages: L36-L36
  • DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/783/2/l36
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A formation mechanism for concentric ridges in ejecta surrounding impact craters in a layer of fine glass beads (2013)
  • Author(s): Suzuki, A. I., Nakamura, A. M., Kadono, T., Wada, K., Yamamoto, S., & Arakawa, M.
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 225 Issue: 1 Pages: 298-307
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.03.027
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Experiments on the consolidation of chondrites and the formation of dense rims around chondrules. (2013)
  • Author(s): E. Beitz, C. Guttler, A.M. Nakamura, A. Tsuchiyama, J. Blum
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 225 Issue: 1 Pages: 558-569
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.028
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Collision of a chondrule with matrix: relation between static strength of matrix and impact pressure (2013)
  • Author(s): Machii., N., Nakamura, A. M., Guettler, C., Beger, D., Blum, J
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 226 Issue: 1 Pages: 111-118
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.05.006
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Static compression of porous dust aggregates (2013)
  • Author(s): Akimasa Kataoka
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: (印刷中)(oin press)(未定) Pages: A4-A4
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201321325
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Fluffy dust forms icy planetesimals by static compression (2013)
  • Author(s): A. Kataoka, H. Tanaka, S. Okuzumi, and K. Wada
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 557 Pages: L4-L4
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322151
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Growth efficiency of dust aggregates through collisions with high mass ratios (2013)
  • Author(s): Wada, K., Tanaka, H., Okuzumi, S., Kobayashi, H., Suyama, T., Kimura, H., and Yamamoto, T.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 559 Pages: A62-A62
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322259
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 火の鳥「はやぶさ」未来編その3 ～SCI/DCAM3と衝突の科学～ (2013)
  • Author(s): 荒川政彦，和田浩二，はやぶさ2 SCI/DCAM3 チーム
  • Journal Title: 日本惑星科学会誌（遊・星・人） Volume: 22 Pages: 152-158
  • NAID: 110009660454
• [Journal Article] Impact and intrusion experiments on the deceleration of low-velocity impactors by small-body regolith (2012)
  • Author(s): Nakamura, A. M., Setoh, M., Wada, K. et al.
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 223 Issue: 1 Pages: 222-233
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.02.023
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 振動による微粉体の圧縮特性に関する実験的研究 (2017)
  • Author(s): 大村知美, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会第72回年次大会
  • Place of Presentation: 大阪大学
• [Presentation] 低重力下クレーターサイズに対するレゴリス粒子固着力の影響 (2017)
  • Author(s): 木内真人, 中村昭子, 和田浩二
  • Organizer: 平成28年度 宇宙科学に関する室内実験シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 宇宙科学研究所
• [Presentation] Experimental study on compression property of regolith analogues (2016)
  • Author(s): Omura, T., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: The 9th meeting on Cosmic
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-08-15
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Experimental study on compression property of granular material (2016)
  • Author(s): Omura, T., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe（千葉県・千葉市）
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-22
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The origin of Itokawa dimples and a comparison with the surface structure of Phobos (2016)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe（千葉県・千葉市）
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-22
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 振動によるレゴリス層の密度進化に関する実験的研究 (2016)
  • Author(s): 大村知美, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 天体の衝突物理の解明 (XII)～水質変成から探る太陽系物質進化～
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸大学
• [Presentation] 室内実験によるレゴリス最表層密度進化の研究 (2016)
  • Author(s): 大村知美, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2016秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: ノートルダム清心女子大学
• [Presentation] 模擬低重力下における低速度クレーター形成実験：微小重力下クレーターサイズに対するレゴリス粒子固着力の影響の推定 (2016)
  • Author(s): 木内真人, 中村昭子, 和田浩二
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2016秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: ノートルダム清心女子大学
• [Presentation] Experimental study on compression property of granular material (2016)
  • Author(s): Tomomi Omura, Akiko M. Nakamura
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2016年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ
• [Presentation] The origin of Itokawa dimples and a comparison with the surface structure of Phobos (2016)
  • Author(s): Masato Kiuchi, Akiko M. Nakamura
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2016年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ
• [Presentation] 砂標的に対する衝突クレーターサイズの真空度依存性の検討 (2015)
  • Author(s): 木内真人, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2015秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京工業大学（東京都・目黒区）
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-14
• [Presentation] 粉粒体天体内部の密度構造に関する実験的研究 (2015)
  • Author(s): 大村知美, 木内真人, Guettler Carsten, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2015秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京工業大学（東京都・目黒区）
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-14
• [Presentation] The effect of gravity acceleration and internal friction angle of regolith on impact crater size on asteroid surface (2015)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: Bridging the gap III, Impact cratering in nature, experiment, and modeling
  • Place of Presentation: Freiburg (Germany)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The effect of gravity acceleration and internal friction angle of regolith on impact crater size on asteroid surface (2015)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: The 8th meeting on Cosmic Dust
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo Skytree Town Campus of Chiba Institute of Technology（東京都・墨田区）
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-17
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Experimental study on impact into granular materials under simulated reduced gravities (2015)
  • Author(s): Kiuchi, M., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: 30th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe International Conference Center（兵庫県・神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-04
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Centrifugal experiments with simulated regolith: Effect of gravity, size distribution, and particle shape on porosity (2015)
  • Author(s): Omura, T., Kiuchi, M., Guettler, C., Nakamura, A. M.
  • Organizer: 30th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe International Conference Center（兵庫県・神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-04
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 砂標的への低速度衝突クレーター形成実験：重力依存性と真空度依存性 (2015)
  • Author(s): 木内真人, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2015年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ（千葉県・千葉市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-24
• [Presentation] 粉粒体の小天体表面の空隙率－圧力と空隙率の関係 (2015)
  • Author(s): 大村知美, 木内真人, Guettler Carsten, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2015年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ（千葉県・千葉市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-24
• [Presentation] 模擬低重力下における砂標的への低速度衝突クレーター形成実験 (2014)
  • Author(s): 木内真人，中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学片平キャンパスさくらホ－ル
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-24 – 2014-09-26
• [Presentation] 粒子径分布と形状がレゴリス層の空隙率に及ぼす影響についての実験的研究 (2014)
  • Author(s): 大村知美，木内真人，Carsten Guettler，中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学片平キャンパスさくらホ－ル
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-24 – 2014-09-26
• [Presentation] イジェクタ構成粒子の空間密度分布および光散乱特性がイジェクタカーテンの輝度分布に与える影響 (2014)
  • Author(s): ブティヤベティルシャリマ，和田浩二，木村宏
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学片平キャンパスさくらホ－ル
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-24 – 2014-09-26
• [Presentation] はやぶさ２分離カメラ (DCAM3-D)の開発状況とサイエンス (2014)
  • Author(s): 荒川政彦，和田浩二，小川和津，澤田弘崇，石橋高，白井慶，本田理恵，坂谷尚哉，早川基，門野敏彦，小林正規，木村宏，中澤暁
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学片平キャンパスさくらホ－ル
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-24 – 2014-09-26
• [Presentation] 小天体表面における粒子サイズと空隙率の関係 (2014)
  • Author(s): 木内真人，中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02
• [Presentation] TIR によるSCI クレーターの検出方法の検討 (2014)
  • Author(s): 和田浩二，中村昭子，黒澤耕介，SCIチーム，TIRチーム
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02
• [Presentation] はやぶさ２小型搭載型衝突装置による科学 (2014)
  • Author(s): 和田浩二，SCI チーム，DCAM3チーム
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 遠心加速装置を用いた粉体層圧密過程の実験的研究 (2014)
  • Author(s): 大村 知美，木内 真人，Guettler Carsten，中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02
• [Presentation] Large Scale Impact Experiments Simulating Small Carry-On Impactor (SCI) Equipped on Hayabusa-2 (2014)
  • Author(s): Wada, K., Arakawa, M., Saiki, T., Imamura, H., Hayakawa, M., Okamoto, C., Shirai, K., Takagi, Y., Kadono, T., Tsuda, Y., Yano, H., Nakazawa, S., Hirata, N., Ogawa, K., Iijima, Y., Michel, P., and Jutzi, M.
  • Organizer: Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 45th
  • Place of Presentation: Woodlands, TX, USA
• [Presentation] 小天体進化における衝突の役割 (2013)
  • Author(s): 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2013年度連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ，千葉
  • Invited
• [Presentation] イジェクタカーテン観測からイジェクタの放出角度と速さを推定する方法 (2013)
  • Author(s): 和田浩二, 辻堂さやか, 荒川政彦
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2013 年秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 石垣市民会館，沖縄
• [Presentation] 模擬低重力下での砂標的へのクレーター形成実験 (2013)
  • Author(s): 木内真人, 中村昭子
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会2013 年秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 石垣市民会館，沖縄