| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Cliff monasteries are constructed at the several districts in Bhutan highlands and the meditation caves are established on the cliffs apart from the main hall called lakhang. The monasteries had not the main hall, but only meditation caves and the monks were devoted to long-term meditation practice at the caves before 17th century when the nation state was founded. Its tradition have been inherited to nowadays. We have investigated 15 monasteries in total to understand the actual situation of such meditation caves. In Jambay Lakhang monastery, which was transmitted to have been constructed by Srongbtsansgampo at the time when Tufan ancient Tibetan dynasty was founded at 7th century, we succeeded to get the sample of radio-carbon dating from inner sanctum central pillar of the main hall. The result is 1632-1666 cal AD (reliable limit 74.4%). It is very exciting that the result points not the foundation time of Tufan dynasty, but the time after the foundation of Bhutan national state.
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