| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Ascidian larvae freely swim in aqueous milieu using small number of muscle cells; only 18 in Ciona and 21 in Halocynthia on either side. We have a hypothesis that in ascidian larvae this simple muscle band may receives not only excitatory acetylcholine (ACh) but inhibitory glycine (Gly), and this compound innervation enables the larva swim fluently.
Here, we isolated cDNAs encoding all the subunits for ACh, Gly, and also GABA receptor-channels expressed in the Halocynthia roretzi larvae. We also examined their expression patterns, revealing that three genes for ACh receptor subunits and the single gene for Gly receptor are coexpressed on the larval muscle, as previously reported in another ascidian Ciona intestinalis by us. We found no sign for GABA receptor expression on the muscle, but in the nervous system. Coexpression of ACh and Gly receptors in the larval muscles of distantly related two species suggests significance of the double innervation in the larva muscle.
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