Identification of genes controlling the contents of sesame seed lignans

• Project/Area Number: 25450003
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Science in genetics and breeding
• Research Institution: University of Toyama
• Principal Investigator: YAMAMOTO Masayuki 富山大学, 大学院理工学研究部(理学), 講師 (10456402)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
• Budget Amount: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
• Keywords: リグナン / ゴマ / 機能性成分

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Sesamin, sesamolin and sesaminol triglucoside (STG) are major lignans accumulated in sesame seeds. In this study, to identify the genes involving accumulation and biosynthesis of the lignans, I first investigated the inheritance patterns of the lignan contents in sesame seeds using F5 and F6 generations from the cross between a sesamolin-deficient and a high lignan strains. The results indicate that the contents of sesamin and the sum of the three lignans are quantative traits and might be controlled by a number of genes. In contrast, the content of sesamolin and STG were shown to be determined by a single gene and several genes, respectively. I also showed that sesamolin-deficiency was associated with the mutation of a CYP92B14 gene which encodes a novel cytochrome p450 enzyme with biosynthetic activity to convert sesamin to sesamolim, and, unexpectedly, sesaminol.

Research Products

• [Presentation] ゴマリグナン生合成遺伝子の遺伝解析 (2015)
  • Author(s): 鎧塚清吾、増田恭次郎、山田恭司、若杉達也、山本将之
  • Organizer: 第30回日本ゴマ科学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 竹本油脂株式会社本社
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-03
• [Presentation] ゴマ種子中のリグナン含量の遺伝様式 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本 将之 , 鎧塚 清吾 , 後藤 望 , 増田 恭次郎 , 若杉 達也 , 山田 恭司
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会 第126回講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 南九州大学
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-27