Treatment strategies of physiotherapy equipment for cachexia through inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine

• Project/Area Number: 25560261
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Rehabilitation science/Welfare engineering
• Research Institution: Kobe University
• Principal Investigator: Fujino hidemi 神戸大学, 保健学研究科, 教授 (20278998)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): ISHIHARA Akihiko 京都大学, 大学院人間・環境学研究科, 教授 (90184548) ; KONDO Hiroyo 名古屋女子大学, 家政学部, 准教授 (50333183) ; MURAKAMI Shinichiro 姫路獨協大学, 医療保健学部, 教授 (30454763)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: カヘキシー / 電気刺激 / 筋萎縮

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The present study sought to evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation (ES) by using kilohertz frequency on muscle atrophy and oxidative metabolism impairment induced by cachexia. Cachexia induced increased plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, significant muscle mass loss, decreased fiber cross-sectional area, and an up-regulation of atrogin-1 and ubiquitinated proteins in the skeletal muscle. In addition, Cachexia decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and citrate synthase (CS) activity, PGC-1α expression, and increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. ES attenuated the sepsis-induced loss of muscle mass and decreased muscle fiber cross-sectional area, as well as attenuated the atrogin-1 and ubiquitinated protein up-regulation. ES also attenuated the changes in SDH and CS activities, p38 MAPK, and PGC-1ɑ. These results suggest that ES could prevent muscle atrophy and decrement in muscle oxidative metabolism induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines in cachexia.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Preventive effects of electrical stimulation on inflammation-induced muscle mitochondrial dysfunction (2016)
  • Author(s): Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Takegaki J, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Acta Histochem Volume: NA Issue: 5 Pages: 464-470
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.04.011
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Preventive effects of kilohertz frequency electrical stimulation on sepsis-induced muscle atrophy (2016)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Tanaka K, Takegaki J, Fujino H
  • Journal Title: J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact Volume: NA
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] L-arginine supplementation attenuates capillary regression without increasing integrated succinate dehydrogenase activity and VEGF expression in skeletal muscle during hindlimb unloading (2016)
  • Author(s): Uchida K, Tanaka M, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H
  • Journal Title: Gen Physiol Biophys Volume: NA
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Effectiveness of daily eccentric contractions induced via kilohertz frequency transcutaneous electrical stimulation on muscle atrophy. (2016)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Nakanishi R, Murakami S, Fujita N, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Roy RR, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Acta Histochem Volume: 118 Issue: 1 Pages: 56-62
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.11.007
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Abnormalities in three-dimensional capillary architecture and imbalance between vascular endothelial growth factor-A and thrombospondin-1 in soleus muscle of ovariectomized rat. (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Maezawa T, Kondo H, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Acta Histochem Volume: 117 Issue: 7 Pages: 605-611
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.06.001
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Low-intensity running exercise enhances the capillary volume and pro-angiogenic factors in the soleus muscle of type 2 diabetic rats (2015)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Murakami S, Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A, Roy RR.
  • Journal Title: Muscle Nerve Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Pages: 391-399
  • DOI: 10.1002/mus.24316
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Effects of microgravity on the mouse triceps brachii muscle. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ishihara A, Nagatomo F, Terada M, Fujino H, Kondo H, Ishioka N.
  • Journal Title: Muscle Nerve Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Pages: 63-68
  • DOI: 10.1002/mus.24491
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Influence of electrical stimulation on calpain and ubiquitin-proteasome systems in the denervated and unloaded rat tibialis anterior muscles (2014)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto A, Fujita N, Arakawa T, Fujino H, Miki A.
  • Journal Title: Acta histochemica Volume: 116 Issue: 5 Pages: 936-942
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.03.006
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Morphological Changes in the Capillary Architecture of the Tibial Nerve Associated with Spontaneous Aging and Aerobic Exercise Intervention during Aging in Rats (2014)
  • Author(s): Sakita M, Murakami S, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Physical Therapy Science Volume: 26 Issue: 2 Pages: 263-267
  • DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.263
  • NAID: 130004834940
  • ISSN: 0915-5287, 2187-5626
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Identification of interneurons activated at different inclines during treadmill locomotion in adult rats (2014)
  • Author(s): Tillakaratne N, Duru P, Fujino H, Zhong H, Xiao M, Edgerton VR, Roy RR
  • Journal Title: J Neurosci Res Volume: 92 Issue: 12 Pages: 1714-1722
  • DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23437
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Amelioration of capillary regression and atrophy of the soleus muscle in hindlimb unloaded rats by astaxanthin supplementation and intermittent loading (2014)
  • Author(s): Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Murakami S, Kondo H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A, Roy RR, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Exp Physiol Volume: 99 Issue: 8 Pages: 1065-1077
  • DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.079988
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Exposure to mild hyperbaric oxygen increases blood flow and resting energy expenditure but not oxidative stress (2014)
  • Author(s): Ishihara A, Nagatomo F, Fujino H, Kondo H.
  • Journal Title: J Sci Res Reports Volume: 3 Issue: 14 Pages: 1886-1896
  • DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2014/10101
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Influence of estrogen receptor α polymorphisms on bone density in response to habitual exercise in Japanese postmenopausal women. (2014)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Journal Title: ScientificWorldJournal Volume: 2014 Pages: 1-7
  • DOI: 10.1155/2014/593927
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Electrical stimulation using sine waveform prevents unloading-induced muscle atrophy in the deep calf muscles of rat. (2014)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Hirayama Y, Fujita N, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Acta Histochem Volume: 116 Issue: 7 Pages: 1192-1198
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.06.009
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Capillary growth and regression in skeletal muscle (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Journal Title: The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine Volume: 3 Issue: 5 Pages: 483-491
  • DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.3.483
  • NAID: 130004715573
  • ISSN: 2186-8123, 2186-8131
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Comparison of premodulated interferential and pulsed current electrical stimulation in prevention of deep muscle atrophy in rats (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Hirayama Y, Fujita N, Fujino H
  • Journal Title: J Mol Histol Volume: 44 Pages: 203-211
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Decreased skin temperature of the foot increases gait variability in healthy young adults (2013)
  • Author(s): Sawa R, Doi T, Misu S, Tsutsumimoto K, Fujino H, Ono R
  • Journal Title: Gait Posture Volume: in press Issue: 3 Pages: 518-522
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.01.019
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Decreased Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity of Gamma and Alpha MotoNneurons in Mouse Spinal Cords Following 13 Weeks of Exposure to Microgravity (2013)
  • Author(s): Ishihara A, Nagatomo F, Fujino H, Kondo H, Ohira Y
  • Journal Title: Neurochemical Research Volume: 38 Issue: 10 Pages: 2160-2167
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1124-y
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Preventive effect of nucleoprotein on hindlimb unloading-induced capillary regression in rat soleus muscle. (2013)
  • Author(s): Kanazawa Y, Maekawa K, Okumura Y, Fujita N, Fujino H.
  • Journal Title: Biotech Histochem Volume: 89(3) Issue: 3 Pages: 220-227
  • DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.835444
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Protective role of moderate-intensity short-term and low-intensity long-term exercise training on muscle capillary regression in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. (2015)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: American Heart Asssociation Scientific Sessions,
  • Place of Presentation: Orlando
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-12
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Amelioration of Impaired Capillary Network in Unloading-induced Atrophied Muscle by Propolis Supplementation (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine,
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-26
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Preventive effects of astaxanthin on capillary regression during recovery from disuseinduced skeletal muscle atrophy in rats. (2015)
  • Author(s): Maezawa T, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Maeshige N, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Asian Congress of Nutrition
  • Place of Presentation: Yokohama
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Propolis supplementation modulates the angiogenic response to unloading in soleus (2015)
  • Author(s): Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Hirayama Y, Nakanishi R, Maezawa T, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Asian Congress of Nutrition
  • Place of Presentation: Yokohama
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Preventive effects of nucleoprotein supplementation combined with intermittent loading on disuse-induced capillary regression in rats. (2015)
  • Author(s): Hirayama Y, Nakanishi R, Tanaka M, Maezawa T, Kanazashi M, Maeshige N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Asian Congress of Nutrition
  • Place of Presentation: Yokohama
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Protective effects of omega-3 fatty acidson capillary regression in soleus muscle of hindlimb unloaded rats. (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Nakanishi R, Hirayama Y, Maezawa T, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Asian Congress of Nutrition
  • Place of Presentation: Yokohama
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Preventive effects of middle frequency electrical stimulation on cachexia-induced muscle atrophy (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Tanaka K, Takegaki J, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-01
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Preventive effects of electrical stimulation on cachexia-induced muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Takegaki J, Fujino H．
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-01
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Astaxanthin supplementation improves decreased mitochondrial enzyme activity and capillary regression during recovery from muscle atrophy. (2015)
  • Author(s): Maezawa T, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Maeshige N, Kondo H, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-01
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Low-intensity ultrasound enhances histone acetylation and improves anti-inflammatory effects by short chain fatty acid treatments in human dermal fibroblasts (2015)
  • Author(s): Maeshige N, Koga Y, Takegaki J, Tanaka M, Aoyama-Ishikawa M, Miyoshi M, Usami M, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-01
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Nucleoprotein supplementation enhances protein synthesis and myonuclear accretion during the recovery of disuse muscle atrophy (2015)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi R, Hirayama Y, Tanaka M, Maeshige N, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Int symposuim on human adaptation to environment and whole-body coordination
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸大学（兵庫県神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-14 – 2015-03-16
• [Presentation] Combined effects of nucleoprotein supplementation with weight bearing on mitochondrial function in soleus muscle during hindlimb unloading (2015)
  • Author(s): Hirayama Y, Hongo Y, Nakanishi R, Maeshige N, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Int symposuim on human adaptation to environment and whole-body coordination
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸大学（兵庫県神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-14 – 2015-03-16
• [Presentation] Electrical stimulation attenuates inflammation and atrophy of skeletal muscle under cachectic condition (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Takegaki J, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Int symposuim on human adaptation to environment and whole-body coordination
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸大学（兵庫県神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-14 – 2015-03-16
• [Presentation] Regression of capillary network and expression imbalance between vascular endothelial growth factor and thrombospondin-1 in soleus muscle of ovariectomized rat (2015)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Maezawa T, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H
  • Organizer: Int symposuim on human adaptation to environment and whole-body coordination
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸大学（兵庫県神戸市）
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-14 – 2015-03-16
• [Presentation] Propolis attenuates the capillary regression and anti-angiogenic factor expression in unloading-induced atrophy of skeletal muscle (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: American Society for Cell Biology meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Pennsylvania Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-06 – 2014-12-10
• [Presentation] Capillary and metabolic actions of exercise in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes (2014)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: American Society for Cell Biology meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Pennsylvania Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-06 – 2014-12-10
• [Presentation] Relation of aerobic exercise training about blood sugar level and muscle capillaries in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat (2014)
  • Author(s): Murakami S, Mizuno T, Sakita M, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Beijing international rehabilitation forum
  • Place of Presentation: China National Convention Center (中国）
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-19 – 2014-09-21
• [Presentation] Nucleoprotein supplementation enhances the recovery of muscle atrophy after hindlimb unloading (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Nakanishi R, Kondo H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Orange County Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] Gene polymorphisms and nutrients affect bone density and skeletal muscle mass in Japanese young women (2014)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Murakami S, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Orange County Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-27 – 2014-05-31
• [Presentation] Heart rate variability Analyses using wearable sensing system in response to parabolic flight (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Hirayama Y, Maezawa T, Tanaka M, Tsutou A, Shinozaki R, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Nucleoprotein supplementation combined with intermittent loading prevents capillary regression induced by hindlimb unloading in rat soleus muscle (2014)
  • Author(s): Hirayama Y, Nakanishi R, Maeshige N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] The enhanced effect of nucleoprotein in the recovery process of disuse muscle atrophy (2014)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi R, Hirayama Y, Tanaka M, Maeshige N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Astaxanthin attenuates lipopolysaccharide- induced atrogin-1 expression in C2C12 myotubes (2014)
  • Author(s): Takegaki J, Kondo H, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Effects of aerobic exercise on capillary architecture of extensor digitorum longus in rat (2014)
  • Author(s): Murakami S, Sakita M, Kondo H, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Ohtsuka A, Momota R, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] The preventive effects of middle frequency electrical stimulation combined with eccentric contraction on disuse atrophy in deep portion of calf muscles (2014)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Murakami S, Fujita N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Difference between spontaneous aging and aerobic exercise during aging on the capillary architecture in the tibial nerve in rats (2014)
  • Author(s): Sakita M, Murakami S, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Relation of genetic polymorphisms and nutrient with bone density and skeletal muscle mass in Japanese young women (2014)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A.
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: San Diego Convention Center（アメリカ）
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-26 – 2014-04-30
• [Presentation] Exercise training improves capillary architecture via enhancing VEGF/VEGFR and angiopoietins/Tie2 signaling pathways in type 2 diabetic muscle (2014)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Murakami S, Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: Advances in Skeletal Muscle Biology in Health and Diseases Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Geinsville, USA
• [Presentation] Gene polymorphisms Influence on exercise-induced changes of bone density and skeletal muscle mass In Japanese young women (2014)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: Advances in Skeletal Muscle Biology in Health and Diseases Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Geinsville, USA
• [Presentation] Protective effects of loading combined with astaxanthin on capillary regression of disused muscle (2013)
  • Author(s): Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Kondo H, Murakami S, Fujita N, Fujino H
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Different effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on the capillary in the extensor digitorum longus: PGC-1α, VEGF, Flk-1 and Capillary Architecture (2013)
  • Author(s): Murakami S, Fujita N, Tanaka M, Morifuji T, Kanazashi M, Sakita M, Kondo H, Momota R, Ohtsuka A, Fujino H
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Beneficial effect of exercise combined with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation on visceral adipose tissue (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Kondo H, Murakami S, Fujita N, Fujino H
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Comparison of rectangular and sine waveforms on electrical stimulation to atrophy of rat soleus muscle (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Kondo H, Murakami S, Fujita N, Fujino H
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Treadmill running improves diabetes-induced capillary regression in skeletal muscle through activation of VEGF and angiopoietin pathways without inhibition of thrombospondin-1 (2013)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Murakami S, Tanaka M, Fujita N, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Vitamin D receptor and Estrogen receptor alpha Genotype affects Exercise related Bone mass in Japanese healthy women (2013)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Murakami S, Fujita N, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: Experimental Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Boston, USA
• [Presentation] Estrogen Receptor-alpha genotype affects exercise-related bone density in Japanese young women (2013)
  • Author(s): Kondo H, Fujino H, Murakami S, Fujita N, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Indianapolis, USA
• [Presentation] Effects of exercise training of different intensities on capillary network in skeletal muscle with non-obese type 2 diabetes (2013)
  • Author(s): Fujino H, Kondo H, Murakami S, Tanaka M, Nagatomo F, Ishihara A
  • Organizer: American College of Sports Medicine
  • Place of Presentation: Indianapolis, USA
• [Presentation] Comparison between Low- and Middle-Frequency Electrical Stimulation on Capillary Regression in Rat Soleus Muscle (2013)
  • Author(s): Hirayama Y, Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Fujita N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: International Gravitational Physiology
  • Place of Presentation: Toyohashi, Japan
• [Presentation] Preventive Effects of Rectangular and Sine Waveforms on Electrical Stimulation to Atrophy of Rat Soleus Muscl (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Hirayama Y, Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Fujita N, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: International Gravitational Physiology
  • Place of Presentation: Toyohashi, Japan
• [Presentation] Defferent Effects of Intermittent Loading on Muscle Atrophy and Capillary Regression of Soleus Muscle in Hindlimnb-Unloaded Rats (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Hirayama Y, Tanaka M, Nagatomo F, Fujita N, Kondo H, Murakami S, Ishihara A, Fujino H
  • Organizer: International Gravitational Physiology
  • Place of Presentation: Toyohashi, Japan
• [Presentation] Astaxanthin Protects Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Disorders of Atrophied Soleus Muscle in Rats (2013)
  • Author(s): Kanazashi M, Tanaka M, Tanaka M, Hirayama Y, Nagatomo F, Fujita N, Kondo H, Murakami S, Ishihara A, Fujino H.
  • Organizer: International Gravitational Physiology
  • Place of Presentation: Toyohashi, Japan
• [Book] 物理療法学・実習 (2014)
  • Author(s): 藤野英己（分担執筆）
  • Total Pages: 184
  • Publisher: 中山書店