Biomechanics of extinct organisms; exploring ancient functionalities
| Project/Area Number |
25630047
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Fluid engineering
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| Research Institution | Niigata University (2014-2015)
The University of Tokyo (2013) |
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Principal Investigator |
Shiino Yuta 新潟大学, 自然科学系, 助教 (60635134)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Keywords | 生物物理 / 流体工学 / 流体 / 層位・古生物学 / 進化形態学 / バイオメカニクス / 層位・古生物 / 進化 / 最適設計 / CFD |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In contrast to the modern organisms, many fossil organisms have a strange form that evokes the unknown morphological functionality. Of these, spiriferide brachiopods are characterized by having the wing appearance, and those shell form have a role to generate spiral feeding flows inside. Using the model of spiriferides, flow experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations were demonstrated to understand how the shell forms have been functional and optimised under selected flow conditions. The hydrodynamic approaches revealed that the original life posture of Pachycyrtella, one of spiriferide genera, was the most instable against the ambient flows, while was the most functional to generate stable spiral flows inside the shell. Changes of shell opening degree may enhance the functionality of such a “passive vortex generator”, thereby resulting in a robust adaptation to an agitated flow condition.
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(21 results)
