| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Age-related changes included a drop in the position of the larynx, resulting in significantly lower positions of the epiglottis and tongue root and three-dimensional expansion of the lower region of the oropharynx. These changes in pharyngeal shape are thought to reduce the functional swallowing reserve of the elderly in generating swallowing pressure and smoothly passing a bolus. This age-related reduction in functional swallowing reserve increases the risk of dysphagia, such as pharyngeal residue and penetration.
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