Budget Amount *help |
¥15,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,690,000)
Fiscal Year 2028: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2027: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2026: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2025: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
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Outline of Research at the Start |
Forest certification is designed to achieve both socio-economic development and environmental protection. Due to long cyclical income and high initial investments, forest farmers have been facing issues of disaster risk, market risk, and liquidity constraint, which makes them reluctant to adopt forest certification. Forest contract farming (CF) and forest insurance could mitigate such problems. This research explores two questions: How do forest CF and forest insurance affect the adoption of forest certification? What are the economic and environmental impacts of forest certification?
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