| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In taking up the study of historical making process of "strict scrutiny" in judicial review in the United States, I researched decision making process inside the U.S. Supreme Court in historical and social perspectives.
In that process, the element of "strict scrutiny" test first appeared in free speech cases in the early 1960s, and in the mid 1960s that test came to be used in contexts of religious liberty and equal protection of law. In the late 1960s, the Supreme Court retreated from the protection of the civil rights movement, and this attitude affected the making of dichotomy of content regulation and content-neutral regulation in 1970s.
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