| Project/Area Number |
26380905
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Educational psychology
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| Research Institution | Waseda University |
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Principal Investigator |
Toyama Noriko 早稲田大学, 人間科学学術院, 教授 (80328038)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
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| Keywords | 概念発達 / 食 / 病気 / 素朴生物学 / 衛生習慣 / 認知発達 / 選択的信頼 / 幼児期 / 青年期 / 病気に関する理解 / 情報源の選択 / 発達 / 知識獲得 / 素朴理論 / 衛生 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The present study examined young children’s illness conception and understanding of hygiene norms and rules at mealtime.
(1) By observing preschool mealtimes, the present study examined how adults talk to children about contamination, as one possible source of children’s knowledge. Although preschool teachers' explanations on hygiene were not precise, 3- and 5-year-old preschoolers have sophisticated understanding, i.e.,they frequently generated contamination-mechanism explanations. (2) By comparing teacher-child interaction at mealtimes in day care centers in Okinawa and in Tokyo, it was shown that hygiene habits were deeply rooted in social communities. (3) Examined whether children notice different causes for contagious illnesses, non-contagious illnesses, and injuries, it was shown that 4- and, 5-year-old children consistently denied a belief in immanent justice. For contagious illnesses, they appeared to notice that physical contact with contaminants make us sick.
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